Mechanosensitivity of bone cells to oscillating fluid flow induced shear stress may be modulated by chemotransport

Haut Donahue, T. L.; Haut, T. R.; Yellowley, C. E.; Donahue, H. J.; Jacobs, C. R.

Affiliations

¹Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA

²Department of Mechanical Engineering—Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr. Houghton, MI 49931, USA

³Department of Mechanical Engineering, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Stanford University, USA

Abstract and keywords

Fluid flow has been shown to be a potent physical stimulus in the regulation of bone cell metabolism. In addition to membrane shear stress, loading-induced fluid flow will enhance chemotransport due to convection or mass transport thereby affecting the biochemical environment surrounding the cell. This study investigated the role of oscillating fluid flow induced shear stress and chemotransport in cellular mechanotransduction mechanisms in bone. Intracellular calcium mobilization and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production were studied with varying levels of shear stress and chemotransport. In this study MC3T3-E1 cells responded to oscillating fluid flow with both an increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) and an increase in PGE₂ production. These fluid flow induced responses were modulated by chemotransport. The percentage of cells responding with an [Ca²⁺]_i oscillation increased with increasing flow rate, as did the production of PGE₂. In addition, depriving the cells of nutrients during fluid flow resulted in an inhibition of both [Ca²⁺]_i mobilization and PGE₂ production. These data suggest that depriving the cells of a yet to be determined biochemical factor in media affects the responsiveness of bone cells even at a constant peak shear stress. Chemotransport alone will not elicit a response, but it appears that sufficient nutrient supply or waste removal is needed for the response to oscillating fluid flow induced shear stress.

Keywords: Fluid flow; Bone; Mechanotransduction; Shear stress; Calcium

Links

DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9290(03)00118-0

PubMed: 12893045

WoS: 000184747300014

History

Accepted: 2003-03-12

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2003	Ominsky MS. Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure, Biaxial Strain, and Fluid Shear on Osteoblastic Cells: Mechanotransduction Via NF-ΚB, MAP Kinase, and AP-1 Pathways [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2003.
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