Simulation of occupant posture changes due to evasive manoeuvres and injury predictions in vehicle frontal and side collisions

wbldb

Matsuda, Takao¹; Yamada, Katsunori¹; Hayashi, Shigeki¹; Kitagawa, Yuichi¹

Simulation of occupant posture changes due to evasive manoeuvres and injury predictions in vehicle frontal and side collisions

Proceedings of the 2018 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION in Toyota, Japan
Abstract and keywords

This study investigated the influence of occupant posture changes due to evasive manoeuvres such as braking and steering on impact kinematics and injury values during collision using the human body finite element model. The muscle reaction due to spinal reflex was considered in the human body finite element model to realistically simulate the occupant posture change induced by deceleration or lateral acceleration of the vehicle. The occupant head moved forward due to braking while it moved laterally when steering. The influence of occupant posture change on injury values in frontal collision was relatively small. The injury values were affected by the occupant posture change in side collisions. The Head Injury Criterion value was high when the occupant head deviated from the centre of the airbag and came close to the interior parts. The Brain Injury Criterion value was high when the head was rotated from right to left. The effect of pre‐crash seatbelt was also investigated. When the pre‐crash seatbelt was activated, both forward and lateral motions of the occupant were reduced. The injury values were lowered in both frontal and side collisions by activating the pre‐crash seatbelt.

Keywords: evasive manoeuvre, human body FE model, occupant posture, pre‐crash seatbelt, vehicle collision
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc18/pdf-files/81.pdf

Cited Works (12)

Year	Entry
2012	Watanabe R, Katsuhara T, Miyazaki H, Kitagawa Y, Yasuki T. Research of the relationship of pedestrian injury to collision speed, car-type, impact location and pedestrian sizes using human FE model (THUMS Version 4). Stapp Car Crash J. October 2012;56:269-321.
2013	Kitagawa Y, Yasuki T. Correlation among seatbelt load, chest deflection, rib fracture and internal organ strain in frontal collisions with human body finite element models. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.282-316.
2013	Meijer R, Elrofai H, Broos J, van Hassel E. Evaluation of an active multi-body human model for braking and frontal crash events. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2013	Ólafsdóttir JM, Östh JKH, Davidsson J, Brolin KB. Passenger kinematics and muscle responses in autonomous braking events with standard and reversible pre‐tensioned restraints. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.602-617.
2017	Kitagawa Y, Hayashi S, Yamada K, Gotoh M. Occupant kinematics in simulated autonomous driving vehicle collisions: influence of seating position, direction and angle. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2017;61:101-155. SAE 2017-22-0005.
2013	Huber P, Christova M, D’Addetta GA, Gallasch E, Kirschbichler S, Mayer C, Prüggler A, Rieser A, Sinz W, Wallner D. Muscle activation onset latencies and amplitudes during lane change in a full vehicle test. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.628-640.
2016	Yamada K, Gotoh M, Kitagawa Y, Yasuki T. Simulation of occupant posture change during autonomous emergency braking and occupant kinematics in frontal collision. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.261-274.
2009	Gehre C, Gades H, Wernicke P. Objective rating of signals using test and simulation responses. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2009	Shigeta K, Kitagawa Y, Yasuki T. Development of next generation human FE model capable of organ injury prediction. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2015	Huber P, Kirschbichler S, Prüggler A, Steidl T. Passenger kinematics in braking, lane change and oblique driving maneuvers. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.783-802.
2011	Schoeneburg R, Baumann K-H, Fehring M. The efficiency of PRE-SAFE® systems in pre-braked frontal collision situations. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2013	Ito D, Ejima S, Kitajima S, Katoh R, Ito H, Sakane M, Nishino T, Nakayama K, Ato T, Kimura T. Occupant kinematic behavior and effects of a motorized seatbelt on occupant restraint of human volunteers during low speed frontal impact: mini‐sled tests with mass production car seat. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.831-841.

Cited By (5)

Year	Entry
2019	Wågström L, Leledakis A, Östh J, Lindman M, Jakobsson L. Integrated safety: establishing links for a comprehensive virtual tool chain. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
2022	Wass J, Östh J, Jakobsson L. Active human body model simulations of whole-sequence braking and far-side side-impact configurations. In: Proceedings of the 2022 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2022; Porto, Portugal.930-940.
2020	Albert DL. Variations in user implementation of the CORA rating metric. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2020;64:1-30.
2023	Larsson E. Passenger Kinematics in Evasive Maneuvers: Advancing Active Human Body Modeling and Understanding Variability in Passenger Kinematics During Evasive Maneuvers [PhD thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2023.
2019	Donlon JP. Restraint Biomechanics in Frontal Impacts With Inboard-Leaning Occupants [Master's thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; August 2019.