Energy entering the hands of operators of pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations

Reynolds, D. D.; Wasserman, D. E.; Basel, R.; Taylor, W.

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Reynolds, D. D.¹; Wasserman, D. E.²; Basel, R.³; Taylor, W.⁴

Energy entering the hands of operators of pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations

Vibration Effects on the Hand and Arm in Industry

Affiliations

¹Joiner-Pelton-Rose, Incorporated, Consultants in Acoustics, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.

²National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.

³Westinghouse Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.

⁴Professor Emeritus, University of Dundee, Department of Occupational Medicine, Dundee, Scotland
Abstract (English)

This paper presents a method for calculating the energy levels enter ing the hands of operators who use vibrating hand tools. The data are from a comprehensive, multidisciplined, field study of several hundred chipper and grinder workers who use pneumatic tools. The results indicate that, for a frequency range of 6.3 to 1000 Hz, the work per unit time transmitted to the hand from the handle of chipping hammers was as much as 1.57 x 10² J/s, and even more from the chisel. For pneumatic grinders, the work per unit time was of the order of 4.2 x 10^-2 J/s over the same frequency range. The methods used to determine the energy transmitted to the hand are discussed in detail.
Abstract (French)

On présente une méthode pour calculer l’énergie transmise aux mains pendant l’utilisation d’un outil vibrant. Les données proviennent d’une étude multidisciplinaire détaillée réalisée sur le terrain et portant sur plusieurs centaines d’ouvriers travaillant avec des marteaux-piqueurs et des meules. On a constaté que pour une fréquence variant de 6,3 à 1000 Hz, le travail par unité de temps transmis à la main pouvait atteindre 1,57 x 10² J/s dans le cas du manche des marteaux-piqueurs et encore plus dans le cas du ciseau; cette valeur étant de l’ordre de 4,2 x 10² J/s dans le cas des meules. On commente de façon détaillée les méthodes qui ont servi a mesurer l’énergie transmise aux mains.

Cited Works (5)

Year	Entry
1972	Reynolds DD. Vibration Interaction of the Human Hand-Arm System With Vibrating Power Tools (especially Chain Saws) [PhD thesis]. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University; January 1972.
1982	Reynolds DD, Wasserman DE, Basel R, Taylor W, Doyle TE, Asburry W. Vibration acceleration measured on pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations. In: Brammer A., Taylor W, eds. Vibration Effects on the Hand and Arm in Industry. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1982:225-238.
1982	Reynolds DD, Falkenberg RJ. Three- and four-degrees-of-freedom models of the vibration response of the human hand. In: Brammer A., Taylor W, eds. Vibration Effects on the Hand and Arm in Industry. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1982:117-132.
1977	Reynolds DD, Keith RH. Hand-arm vibration, I: analytical model of the vibration response characteristics of the hand. J Sound Vibrat. March 22, 1977;51(2):237-253.
1967	Miwa T. Evaluation methods for vibration effect, III: measurements of threshold and equal sensation contours on hand for vertical and horizontal sinusoidal vibrations. Ind Health. 1967;5(3-4):213-220.

Cited By (10)

Year	Entry
1982	Behrens V, Taylor W, Wasserman DE. Vibration syndrome in workers using pneumatic chipping and grinding tools. In: Brammer A., Taylor W, eds. Vibration Effects on the Hand and Arm in Industry. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1982:147-155.
1990	Griffin MJ. Handbook of Human Vibration. London, UK: Academic Press Limited; 1990.
1982	Reynolds DD, Wasserman DE, Basel R, Taylor W, Doyle TE, Asburry W. Vibration acceleration measured on pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations. In: Brammer A., Taylor W, eds. Vibration Effects on the Hand and Arm in Industry. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1982:225-238.
2001	Dong RG, Rakheja S, Schopper AW, Han B, Smutz WP. Hand-transmitted vibration and biodynamic response of the human hand-arm: a critical review. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2001;29(4):393-439.
1997	Burström L. The influence of biodynamic factors on the mechanical impedance of the hand and arm. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. June 1997;69(6):437-446.
2005	Dong RG, Wu JZ, McDowell TW, Welcome DE, Schopper AW. Distribution of mechanical impedance at the fingers and the palm of the human hand. J Biomech. May 2005;38(5):1165-1175.
1984	Reynolds DD, Basel R, Wasserman DE, Taylor W. A study of hand vibration on chipping and grinding operators, I: vibration acceleration levels measured on pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations. J Sound Vibrat. August 22, 1984;95(4):479-497.
1984	Reynolds DD, Basel R, Wasserman DE, Taylor W. A study of hand vibration on chipping and grinding operators, III: power levels into the hands of operators of pneumatic tools used in chipping and grinding operations. J Sound Vibrat. August 22, 1984;95(4):515-524.
2004	Dong RG, Schopper AW, McDowell TW, Welcome DE, Wu JZ, Smutz WP, Warren C, Rakheja S. Vibration energy absorption (VEA) in human fingers-hand-arm system. Med Eng Phys. July 2004;26(6):483-492.
2021	Dong RG, Wu JZ, Xu XS, Welcome DE, Krajnak K. A review of hand–arm vibration studies conducted by US NIOSH since 2000. Vibration. 2021;4(2):482-528.