Practical vehicle design for pedestrian protection

wbldb

Fowler, J. E.¹; Harris, J.²

Practical vehicle design for pedestrian protection

Proceedings of the 9th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV)

Affiliations

¹Austin Rover Group Ltd, BL Cars PLC, Cowley, Oxford

²Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne
Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of the study described in the paper is to determine the extent to which pedestrian protection can be provided by practical car design measures. The project examines the effects of vehicle impacts upon the six-year old child and 50th percentile male adult.

Evaluation of vehicle designs primarily involves the use of the Calspan CVS computer program for pedestrian impact simulation. Computer models of dummies have been developed with the simulation method being validated against practical testing. Modifications have been carried out on the OGLE adult dummy to improve the performance of the leg in lateral impacts. Adduction of the hip joint has been increased and the knees have been given lateral compliance together with suitable torque characteristics. The results from tests and simulation show good correlation and give confidence in the modelling technique.

The influence of various front-end changes have been studied w ith computer simulation using a simplified vehicle representation.

Cited Works (5)

Year	Entry
1970	Yamada H. Strength of Biological Materials. Evans FG, ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company; 1970.
1976	Fowler JE, Axford RK, Butterfield KR. Computer simulation of the pedestrian impact: development of the contact model. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). October 12-15, 1976; Washington, D.C.734-748.
1980	Aldman B, Thorngren L, Bunketorp O, Romanus B. An experimental model for the study of lower leg and knee injuries in car-pedestrian impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.180-193.
1978	Pritz HB. Comparison of the dynamic responses of anthropomorphic test devices and human anatomic specimens in experimental pedestrian impacts. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 24-26, 1978; Ann Arobor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:343-357. SAE 780894.
1977	Ashton SJ, Pedder JB, Mackay GM. Pedestrian leg injuries, the bumper and other front structures. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.33-51.

Cited By (11)

Year	Entry
1994	Sakurai M, Kobayashi K, Ono K, Sasaki A. Evaluation of pedestrian protection test procedure in Japan: influence of upper body mass on leg impact test. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.1114-1130.
1994	Okamoto Y, Akiyama A, Nagatomi K, Tsuruga T. Concept of hood design for possible reduction in pedestrian head injury. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.1253-1263.
1985	Hobbs CA, Lawrence GJL, Clarke CS. PSC1: a demonstration car with improvements for pedestrian protection. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.31-38. SAE 856011.
1985	European Experimental Vehicle Committee. Pedestrian injury protection by car design. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.965-976. SAE 856112.
1985	Harris J, Grew ND. The influence of car design on pedestrian protection. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.1009-1022. SAE 856116.
1985	Harris J. Simplified test recommendations for pedestrian protection. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.1041-1044. SAE 856119.
1987	Lawrence GJL, Harris J. Car to pedestrian impact energies and their apptication to sub-system testing. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 12-15, 1987; Washington, DC.797-805.
1989	Lawrence GJL. The influence of car shape on pedestrian impact energies and its application to sub-system tests. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 29–June 1, 1989; Göteborg, Sweden.1253-1265.
1991	Lawrence GJL, Hardy BJ, Harris J. Bonnet leading edge sub-systems test for cars to assess protection for pedestrians. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). November 4-7, 1991; Paris, France.402-413.
1984	Janssen EG, Huijskens CG. Cyclists impacted by simulated vehicle fronts. In: Proceedings of the 1984 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 4-6, 1984; Delft, The Netherlands.213-228.
1993	Yang JK, Rzymkowski C, Kajzer J. Development and validation of a mathematical breakable leg model. In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.175-186.