Serious trauma to car occupants wearing seat belts

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Mackay, G. M.¹; Gloyns, P. F.¹; Hayes, H. R. M.¹; Griffiths, D. K.¹; Rattenbury, S. J.¹

Serious trauma to car occupants wearing seat belts

Proceedings of the 1975 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹Accident Research Unit, Department of Transportation, University of Birmingham, U.K.
Abstract

The aim of this paper is not to demonstrate the effectiveness of seat belts, but to discuss in detail some of the factors which compromise their optimal performance and to describe the nature and frequencies of serious injuries sustained by belt users. Many authors (1-6) have shown that the seat belt provides considerable protection for the user in the accident situation, but its efficiency is nevertheless highly dependent on the maintenance of the integrity of the passenger compartment, on the correct use of the restraint system and on the characteristics of the system. By analysing those files compiled by the Accident Research Unit at Birmingham University in which a restrained occupant of a car was seriously injured, some of the features resulting in limited protection have been identified.

Cited Works (4)

Year	Entry
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1974	Huelke DF, Sherman HW, O'Day J. The hazard of the unrestrained occupant. In: 18th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 12-14, 1974; Toronto, ON.1-14.
1967	Bohlin NI. A statistical analysis of 28,000 accident cases with emphasis on occupant restraint value. In: Proceedings of the 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 10-11, 1967; Anaheim, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:455-478. SAE 670925.
1974	Patrick LM, Bohlin N, Anderson A. Three-point harness accident and laboratory data comparison. In: Proceedings of the 18th Stapp Car Crash Conference. December 4-5, 1974; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:201-282. SAE 741181.

Cited By (14)

Year	Entry
1983	Nygren Å. Injuries to car occupants: some aspects of the interior safety of cars: a study of a five-year material from an insurance company. Acta Oto-Laryngol. 1983;95(suppl 395):1-135.
1982	Mackay GM. Abdominal injuries to restrained front seat occupants in frontal collisions In discussion of: Gallup BM, St-Laurent AM, Newman JA. Abdominal injuries to restrained front seat occupants in frontal collisions. In: 26th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 4-6, 1982; Ottawa, ON.131-145. In: 26th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 4-6, 1982; Ottawa, ON.146-148.
1986	Green RN, German A, Gorski ZM, Nowak ES, Tryphonopoulos JP. Improper use of occupant restraints: case studies from real-world collisions. In: 30th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 6, 1986; Montreal, QC.423-38.
1989	Mackay M. Biomechanics and the regulation of vehicle crash performance. In: 33rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 2-4, 1989; Baltimore, MD.323-336.
1998	Bandstra R, Meissner U, Warner CY, Monoghan S, Mendelsohn R, MacPherson D. Seat-belt injuries in medical and statistical perspectives. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1347-1359.
1977	Behrens S, Suren EG, Gotzen L, Stürtz G. Injury patterns caused by seat belts. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.80-92.
1977	Nielsen HV, Weeth R, Eriksen E. Lesions in belted car riders from oblique and lateral impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.180-193.
1978	Appel H, Vu-Han V, Adomeit D. Misfunctions of safety belts unavoidable and avoidable injuries. In: Proceedings of the 1978 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 12-13, 1978; Lyon, France.27-40.
1978	Bull JB, Mackay GM. Some characteristics of collisions, the population of car occupant casualties and their relevance to performance testing. In: Proceedings of the 1978 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 12-13, 1978; Lyon, France.13-40.
1979	Verriest JP, Chapon A. Mulltiple cinephotogrammetric deterxination of thorax deformation under belt load. In: Proceedings of the 1979 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 5-7, 1979; Goeteborg, Sweden.198-209.
1980	Roy AP, Mackay GM, Gloyns PF. Some observations on the modelling of children in car collisions based on field accident investigations. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.286-304.
2017	Simms CK. The need for accident investigation: Murray Mackay’s work presented at Conferences of the International Research Council on Biomechanics of Injury from 1973 to 2013. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.xii-xxi.
1977	Williams A, Zador P. Injuries to children in automobiles in relation to seating location and restraint use. Accid Anal Prev. March 1977;9(1):69-76.
1982	Huelke DF, O'Day J, States JD. Lower extremity injuries in automobile crashes. Accid Anal Prev. April 1982;12(2):95-106.