Pedal use and foot positioning during emergency braking

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Palmertz, Camilla¹; Jakobsson, Lotta¹; Karlsson, Ann-Sofi²

Pedal use and foot positioning during emergency braking

Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹Volvo Car Corporation, Volvo Safety Centre, Goteborg, Sweden

²Volvo Technological Development Corporation, Cognitive Ergonomics Group, Goteborg, Sweden
Abstract

Foot and ankle injuries have a high occurrence rate in car crashes. To more fully understand the injury mechanism behind these injuries, it is important to know where the feet are placed during both normal driving and braking. In this study a driving simulator with a Volvo 850 mock-up was used to present the test subject with situations that required emergency braking. The mock-up was equipped with a pedal rack and a manual gearbox. Thittyfive subjects participated in the study and two different braking situations were studied; controlled braking and emergency braking. Subjects were selected from both genders and varied with regard to age, stature and shoe size.

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Cited By (12)

Year	Entry
2001	Funk JR, Crandall JR, Tourret LJ, MacMahon CB, Bass CR, Khaewpong N, Eppinger RH. The effect of active muscle tension on the axial injury tolerance of the human foot/ankle complex. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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2002	Funk JR, Crandall JR, Tourret LJ, MacMahon CB, Bass CR, Patrie JT, Khaewpong N, Eppinger RH. The axial injury tolerance of the human foot/ankle complex and the effect of Achilles tension. J Biomech Eng. 2002;124(6):750-757.
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2019	de Lange J. Biomechanical Tools for Assessing Foot and Ankle Injury Risk in Frontal Automotive Collisions [Master's thesis]. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University; 2019.
2000	Funk JR. The Effect of Active Muscle Tension on the Axial Impact Tolerance of the Human Foot/ankle Complex [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; August 2000.
2008	Bose D. Numerical Estimation of Occupant State Parameters in a Dynamic Loading Environment [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; August 2008.
2011	Shin J. Injury and Response of Human Ankle and Subtalar Joints Under Complex Loading [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; December 2011.