Assessing the BioRID II repeatability and reproducibility by applying the objective rating method (ORM) on rear-end sled tests

Eriksson, Linda; Zellmer, Harald

The BioRID II seems to be the most biofidelic dummy for low-speed rear-end crash tests and is therefore included in several proposed test methods. However, to be broadly accepted, the repeatability and reproducibility of the BioRID II must be verified.

This study aims to assess the BioRID II repeatability and reproducibility by applying the Objective Rating Method (ORM) to rear-end sled tests. The ORM compares crash tests in terms of correlations between criteria, peak values, peak value occurrence times, and curve shapes. Correlations are calculated for all dummy readings and criteria, and for the complete dummy.

Thirty tests were included in this study. These were divided into twelve sets with two to four tests each. The tests within each set mirrored each other, and were used to assess the BioRID II repeatability and reproducibility. The tests were conducted at two crash-test sites. Four BioRID II dummies, five different seats, and three crash pulses were used. Both criteria and dummy readings were compared.

The BioRID II repeatability, in terms of ORMvalues, ranged from 83 to 90% with a median value of 88%. Based on component tests with the Hybrid III, TNO/TASS has stated that high correlation is 65% or above. Hence, the BioRID II repeatability is very high. The BioRID II reproducibility ranged from 74 to 78% with a median value of 77%. Five of the nine comparisons included in the reproducibility study were conducted not only with different dummies, but also on different sites.

It can be concluded that the BioRID II shows high repeatability and reproducibility for all of the compared crash conditions. Furthermore, the BioRID II shows excellent repeatability for nearly all of the NIC, Nkm, T1x, HC, Fx, and My criteria comparisons. The ORM-values for these criteria were predominantly above 90%.

Year

Entry

2000

Ishikawa T, Okano N, Ishikura K, Ono K. An evaluation of prototype seats using BioRID-P3 and Hybrid III with TRLD neck. In: Proceedings of the 2000 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2000; Montpellier, France.379-391.

2003

Bortenschlager K, Kramberger D, Barnsteiner K, Hartlieb M, Ferdinand L, Leyer H, Muser M, Schmitt K-U. Comparison tests of BioRID II and RID 2 with regard to repeatability, reproducibility and sensitivity for assessment of car seat protection potential in rear-end impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:473-488. SAE 2003-22-0021.

2003

Muser M, Hell W, Schmitt K-U. How injury criteria correlate with the injury risk: a study analysing different parameters with respect to whiplash injury. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.

2005

Willis C, Carroll J, Roberts A. An evaluation of a current rear impact dummy against human response corridors in both pure and oblique rear impact. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.

2002

Philippens M, Cappon H, Van Ratingen M, Wismans J, Svensson M, Sirey F, Ono K, Nishimoto N, Matsuoka F. Comparison of the rear impact biofidelity of BioRID II and RID2. Stapp Car Crash J. 2002;46:461-476. SAE 2002-22-0023.