A preliminary assessment of the potential for pedestrian injury reduction through vehicle design

wbldb

Ashton, S. J.¹

A preliminary assessment of the potential for pedestrian injury reduction through vehicle design

Proceedings of the 24th Stapp Car Crash Conference

Affiliations

¹Accident Research Unit, Department of Transportation and Environmental Planning, University of Birmingham, (England)
Abstract

A comparison is made between two different strategies for reducing the severity of the injuries sustained by pedestrians struck by the fronts of cars or car derivatives. The benefits obtainable from each strategy are determined by first assessing the effect on a sample of real accidents and then weighting the results to estimate the effect on the total population. It is shown that one of the strategies, aimed at reducing the frequency of serious head injuries, would result in a less than 5% reduction in the number of casualties with non-minor injuries, whereas the other strategy, aimed at reducing the frequency of serious leg and pelvic injuries, would result in a reduction of at least 25% in the number of casualties with non-minor injuries.

It is concluded that the adoption of full face compliant front structures offers the best initial approach to the problem of pedestrian injury mitigation.
Links

DOI: 10.4271/801315

SAE: 801315

Cited Works (6)

Year	Entry
1978	Ashton SJ. Pedestrian Injuries and the Car Exterior [PhD thesis]. Birmingham, England: University of Birmingham; February 1978.
1978	Ashton SJ, Pedder JB, Mackay GM. Pedestrian head injuries. In: 22nd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). July 10-14, 1978; Ann Arbor, MI.237-244.
1979	Ashton SJ, Bimson S, Driscoll C. Patterns of injury in pedestrian accidents. In: 23rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 4-6, 1979; Louisville, KY.185-202.
1976	The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 1976 Revision. Morton Grove, IL: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM); 1976.
1977	Stcherbatcheff G, Boulaire JP, Tarriere C, Fayon A, Got C, Patel A. Severity of head-to-car and head-to-ground impacts of pedestrians. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.93-104.
1977	Ashton SJ, Pedder JB, Mackay GM. Pedestrian leg injuries, the bumper and other front structures. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.33-51.

Cited By (8)

Year	Entry
2004	Hannawald L, Kauer F. ACEA Equal Effectiveness Study. Dresden, Germany: Technische Universitat Dresden; 2004.
2007	Ivarsson BJ, Crandall JR, Burke C, Stadter G, Grabowski J, Fakhry S, Fredriksson R, Nentwich M. Pedestrian head impact: what determines the likelihood and wrap around distance? In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
1985	Hobbs CA, Lawrence GJL, Clarke CS. PSC1: a demonstration car with improvements for pedestrian protection. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.31-38. SAE 856011.
1985	Costanzo A. General problems concerning car-pedestrian collision. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.943-948. SAE 856109.
1981	Ashton SJ. Factors associated with pelvic and knee injuries in pedestrians struck by the fronts of cars. In: Proceedings of the 25th Stapp Car Crash Conference. September 28-30, 1981; San Francisco, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:863-900. SAE 811026.
2009	Rosén E, Sander U. Pedestrian fatality risk as a function of car impact speed. Accid Anal Prev. May 2009;41(3):536-542.
2011	Rosén E, Stigson H, Sander U. Literature review of pedestrian fatality risk as a function of car impact speed. Accid Anal Prev. January 2011;43(1):25-33.
2005	Roudsari BS, Mock CN, Kaufman R. An evaluation of the association between vehicle type and the source and severity of pedestrian injuries. Traffic Inj Prev. 2005;6(2):185-192.