Geometry and motion of the knee for implant and orthotic design

Kurosawa, H.; Walker, P.S .; Abe, S.; Garg, A.; Hunter, T.

Affiliations

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tokyo, Japan

²Clinical Bioengineering, V.A. Medical Center, West Roxbury, MA and Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, U.S.A.

³Hiji Kodama Hospital, Oita, Japan

⁴Massachusetts institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A.

Abstract

By analysing sections of distal femurs in the computer, and by making direct measurements, the posterior femoral condyles were shown to closely fit spherical surfaces. The center of the spheres were then used as reference points and used to define reference axes in a motion study. In flexing from 0 to 120° the medial femoral condyle moved little, the lateral moved posteriorly by 17 mm, and there was an axial rotation of 20°. The data were applied to implant and orthotic design and evaluation.

Links

DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(85)90663-3

PubMed: 4030805

WoS: A1985ANY6300002

History

Received: 1983-10-11

Revised: 1984-12-17

Cited Works (5)

Year	Entry
1975	Blacharski PA, Somerset JH, Murray DG. A three-dimensional study of the kinematics of the human knee. J Biomech. 1975;8(6):375-384.
1972	Kinzel GL, Hall AS Jr, Hillberry BM. Measurement of the total motion between two body segments, I: analytical development. J Biomech. January 1972;5(1):93-105.
1976	Trent PS, Walker PS, Wolf B. Ligament length patterns, strength, and rotational axes of the knee joint. Clin Orthop Relat Res. June 1976;117:263-270.
1983	Chao EY, Laughman RK, Schneider E, Stauffer RN. Normative data of knee joint motion and ground reaction forces in adult level walking. J Biomech. 1983;16(3):219-233.
1980	Chao EYS. Justification of triaxial goniometer for the measurement of joint rotation. J Biomech. 1980;13(12):989-1006.

Cited By (28)

Year	Entry
2011	Jones CDS, Grimshaw PN. The biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament and its reconstruction. In: Klika V, ed. Theoretical Biomechanics. InTech; 2011:361-384.
1990	Huiskes R, Blankevoort L. The relationship between knee motion and articular surface geometry. In: Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Woo SL-Y, eds. Biomechanics of Diarthrodial Joints. Vol 2. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1990:269-286.
2009	Jani D, Chawla A, Mukherjee S, Goyal R, Vusirikala N. Human body FE modeling repositioning: a step towards posture specific-human body models (PS-HBM). In: Proceedings of the 2009 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 2009; York, UK.327-340.
2012	Desai C, Sharma G, Shah P, Ageorges h, Mayer C, Fressmann D. A generic positioning tool for human body FE models. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.610-621.
1988	Blankevoort L, Huiskes R, de Lange A. The envelope of passive knee joint motion. J Biomech. 1988;21(9):705-720.
1988	Walker PS, Rovick JS, Robertson DD. The effects of knee brace hinge design and placement on joint mechanics. J Biomech. 1988;21(11):965-974.
1989	Essinger JR, Leyvraz PF, Heegard JH, Robertson DD. A mathematical model for the evaluation of the behaviour during flexion of condylar-type knee prostheses. J Biomech. 1989;22(11-12):1229-1241.
1990	Pennock GR, Clark KJ. An anatomy-based coordinate system for the description of the kinematic displacements in the human knee. J Biomech. 1990;23(12):1209-1218.
1991	Blankevoort L, Kuiper JH, Huiskes R, Grootenboer HJ. Articular contact in a three-dimensional model of the knee. J Biomech. 1991;24(11):1019-1031.
2000	Piazza SJ, Cavanagh PR. Measurement of the screw-home motion of the knee is sensitive to errors in axis alignment. J Biomech. August 2000;33(8):1029-1034.
2012	Jani D, Chawla A, Mukherjee S, Goyal R, Vusirikala N, Jayaraman S. Repositioning the knee joint in human body FE models using a graphics-based technique. Traffic Inj Prev. 2012;13(6):640-649.
1997	Kwak SKD. Experimental and Mathematical Investigation of the Human Knee: Anatomy, Kinematics and Contact [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 1997.
1999	Bull AMJ. Measurement and Computer Simulation of Knee Kinematics [PhD thesis]. Imperial College London; 1999.
1999	Arnold AS. Quantitative Descriptions of Musculoskeletal Geometry in Persons With Cerebral Palsy: Guidelines for the Evaluation and Treatment of Crouch Gait [PhD thesis]. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University; December 1999.
2014	Lathrop RL. Investigation of Measurable Biomechanical Factors That May Influence Articular Cartilage Degeneration in the Knee [PhD thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2014.
2002	Moglo KE. Analyse non linéaire par éléments finis du genou humain sous charges complexes en flexion [PhD thesis]. École polytechnique de Montréal; October 2002.
2018	Dupuy F. Développement d'un outil de quantification et visualisation de la cinématique du genou [Master's thesis]. École polytechnique de Montréal; July 2018.
2005	Moran MF. Computational and Experimental Assessment of Total Knee Replacement Motion [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; August 2005.
2011	Hast MW. Assessment of Total Knee Replacement Performance Using Muscle-Driven Dynamic Simulations [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; August 2011.
1989	Vermeulen SO. Three-Dimensional Computer Models for the Biomechanical Analysis of Surface Slopes [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 1989.
2001	Otto JK. Mobility and Contact Mechanics of Rotating Platform Total Knee Replacements [PhD thesis]. University of Iowa; December 2001.
1988	Son K. Biomechanical Analyses of Weight-Moving Tasks in the Seated Position [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 1988.
1994	Ziegler JM. A Dynamic Computational Model of the Human Knee Joint With Implementation in Two Optimal Control Models [PhD thesis]. University of Texas at Austin; August 1994.
1997	Shelburne KB. Modeling the Mechanics of the Normal and Reconstructed Knee Joint [PhD thesis]. University of Texas at Austin; May 1997.
2006	Balasubramanian S. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury and Repair: A Biomechanical Evaluation of the Human Knee Joint Under Dynamic Posterior Loading; Kinematics and Contact Pressure Measurements in Normal, PCL Deficient and PCL Reconstructed Knees [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2006.
1997	Dunning CE. The Effects of Fixation Technique and Simulated Motion on the Stability of Colles' (wrist) Fractures [Master's thesis]. University of Western Ontario; September 1997.
1997	Rath DA. Design and Development of an Elbow Loading Apparatus and the Determination of Elbow Kinematics [Master's thesis]. University of Western Ontario; May 1997.
2007	Reeves NP. Tuning-Out Instability: The Importance of Feedback Control in the Spine [PhD thesis]. Yale University; December 2007.