Stress, strain, pressure and flow fields in articular cartilage and chondrocytes

Mow, V. C.; Bachrach, N. M.; Setton, L. A.; Guilak, F.

Year	Entry
1986	Schneiderman R, Keret D, Maroudas A. Effects of mechanical and osmotic pressure on the rate of glycosaminoglycan synthesis in the human adult femoral head cartilage: an in vitro study. J Orthop Res. 1986;4(4):393-408.
1982	Armstrong CG, Mow VC. Variations in the intrinsic mechanical properties of human articular cartilage with age, degeneration, and water content. J Bone Joint Surg. 1982;64A(1):88-94.
1991	Ingber D. Integrins as mechanochemical transducers. Curr Opin Cell Biol. October 1991;3(5):841-848.
1994	Ateshian GA, Lai WM, Zhu WB, Mow VC. An asymptotic solution for the contact of two biphasic cartilage layers. J Biomech. November 1994;27(11):1347-1360.
1987	Mak AF, Lai WM, Mow VC. Biphasic indentation of articular cartilage, I: theoretical analysis. J Biomech. 1987;20(7):703-714.
1941	Biot MA. General theory of three‐dimensional consolidation. J Appl Phys. February 1941;12(2):155-164.
1965	Linn FC, Sokoloff L. Movement and composition of interstitial fluid of cartilage. Arthritis Rheum. August 1965;8(4):481-494.
1989	Sah RL-Y, Kim Y-J, Doong J-YH, Grodzinsky AJ, Plass AHK, Sandy JD. Biosynthetic response of cartilage explants to dynamic compression. J Orthop Res. 1989;7(5):619-636.
1992	Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Robin Poole A. Cartilage and diarthrodial joints as paradigms for hierarchical materials and structures. Biomaterials. 1992;13(22):67-97.
1971	Clarke IC. Articular cartilage: a review and scanning electron microscope study, I: the interterritorial fibrillar architecture. J Bone Joint Surg. November 1971;53B(4):732-750.
1992	Parkkinen JJ, Lammi MJ, Helminen HJ, Tammi M. Local stimulation of proteoglycan synthesis in articular cartilage explants by dynamic compression in vitro. J Orthop Res. 1992;10(5):610-620.
1980	Palmoski MJ, Colyer RA, Brandt KD. Joint motion in the absence of normal loading does not maintain normal articular cartilage. Arthritis Rheum. March 1980;23(3):325-334.
1984	Palmoski MJ, Brandt KD. Effects of static and cyclic compressive loading on articular cartilage plugs in vitro. Arthritis Rheum. June 1984;27(6):675-681.
1993	Setton LA, Zhu W, Mow VC. The biphasic poroviscoelastic behavior of articular cartilage: role of the surface zone in governing the compressive behavior. J Biomech. April–May 1993;26(4-5):581-592.
1994	Guilak F, Ratcliffe A, Lane N, Rosenwasser MP, Mow VC. Mechanical and biochemical changes in the superficial zone of articular cartilage in canine experimental osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. July 1994;12(4):474-484.
1971	Hayes WC, Mockros LF. Viscoelastic properties of human articular cartilage. J Appl Physiol. October 1971;31(4):562-568.
1994	Guilak F, Donahue HJ, Zell RA, Grande D, McLeod KJ, Rubin CT. Deformation-induced calcium signaling in articular chondrocytes. In: Mow VC, Tran-Son-Tay R, Guilak F, Hochmuth RM, eds. Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering. Symposium on Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering; July 10-15, 1994. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1994:380-397.
1994	Guilak F. Volume and surface area measurement of viable chondrocytes in situ using geometric modelling of serial confocal sections. J Microsc (Oxford). March 1994;173(3):245-256.
1994	Setton LA, Mow VC, Müller FJ, Pita JC, Howell DS. Mechanical properties of canine articular cartilage are significantly altered following transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res. July 1994;12(4):451-463.
1971	Stockwell RA. The interrelationship of cell density and cartilage thickness in mammalian articular cartilage. J Anat. September 1971;109(3):411-421.
1976	Maroudas A. Balance between swelling pressure and collagen tension in normal and degenerate cartilage. Nature. April 29, 1976;260(5554):808-809.
1968	Maroudas A. Physicochemical properties of cartilage in the light of ion exchange theory. Biophys J. May 1968;8(5):575-595.
1980	Broom ND, Myers DB. A study of the structural response of wet hyaline cartilage to various loading situations. Connect Tissue Res. 1980;7(4):227-237.
1983	Muir H. Proteoglycans as organizers of the intercellular matrix. Biochem Soc Trans. December 1983;11(6):613-622.
1985	Holmes MH, Lai WM, Mow VC. Singular perturbation analysis of the nonlinear, flow-dependent compressive stress relaxation behavior of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. August 1985;107(3):206-218.
1970	Muir H, Bullough P, Maroudas A. The distribution of collagen in human articular cartilage with some of its physiological implications. J Bone Joint Surg. August 1970;52B(3):554-563.
1985	Eisenberg SR, Grodzinsky AJ. Swelling of articular cartilage and other connective tissues: electromechanochemical forces. J Orthop Res. 1985;3(2):148-159.
1991	Lai WM, Hou JS, Mow VC. A triphasic theory for the swelling and deformation behaviors of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. August 1991;113(3):245-258.
1990	Spilker RL, Suh J-K, Mow VC. Effects of friction on the unconfined compressive response of articular cartilage: a finite element analysis. J Biomech Eng. May 1990;112(2):138-146.
1976	Mansour JM, Mow VC. The permeability of articular cartilage under compressive strain and at high pressures. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1976;58A(4):509-516.
1989	Mow VC, Gibbs MC, Lai WM, Zhu WB, Athanasiou KA. Biphasic indentation of articular cartilage, II: a numerical algorithm and an experimental study. J Biomech. 1989;22:853-861.
1987	Kiviranta I, Jurvelin J, Tammi M, Säämäunen A-M, Helminen HJ. Weight bearing controls glycosaminoglycan concentration and articualr cartilage thickness in the knee joints of young beagle dogs. Arthritis Rheum. July 1987;30(7):801-809.
1984	Armstrong CG, Lai WM, Mow VC. An analysis of the unconfined compression of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1984;106(2):165-173.
1971	Kempson GE, Spivey CJ, Swanson SAV, Freeman MAR. Patterns of cartilage stiffness on normal and degenerate human femoral heads. J Biomech. December 1971;4(6):597-609.
1973	Kempson GE, Muir H, Pollard C, Tuke M. The tensile properties of the cartilage of human femoral condyles related to the content of collagen and glycosaminoglycans. Biochim Biophys Acta. February 28, 1973;297(2):456-472.
1979	Maroudas A. Physicochemical properties of articular cartilage. In: Freeman MAR, ed. Adult Articular Cartilage. 2nd ed. Kent, England: Pitman Medical; 1979:215-290.
1993	Burton-Wurster N, Vernier-Singer M, Farquhar T, Lust G. Effect of compressive loading and unloading on the synthesis of total protein, proteoglycan, and fibronectin by canine cartilage explants. J Orthop Res. 1993;11(5):717-729.
1978	Hayes WC, Bodine AJ. Flow-independent viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage matrix. J Biomech. 1978;11(8-9):407-419.
1989	Gray ML, Pizzanelli AM, Lee RC, Grodzinsky AJ, Swann DA. Kinetics of the chondrocyte biosynthetic response to compressive load and release. Biochim Biophys Acta. June 27, 1989;991(3):415-425.
1988	Gray ML, Pizzanelli AM, Grodzinsky AJ, Lee RC. Mechanical and physicochemical determinants of the chondrocyte biosynthetic response. J Orthop Res. November 1988;6(6):777-792.
1988	Aydelotte MB, Greenhill RR, Kuettner KE. Differences between sub-populations of cultured bovine articular chondrocytes, II: proteoglycan metabolism. Connect Tissue Res. 1988;18(3):223-234.
1984	Myers ER, Lai WM, Mow VC. A continuum theory and an experiment for the ion-induced swelling behavior of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1984;106(2):151-158.
1980	Mow VC, Kuei SC, Lai WM, Armstrong CG. Biphasic creep and stress relaxation of articular cartilage in compression: theory and experiments. J Biomech Eng. February 1980;102(1):73-84.
1979	Palmoski M, Perricone E, Brandt KD. Development and reversal of a proteoglycan aggregation defect in normal canine knee cartilage after immobilization. Arthritis Rheum. May 1979;22(5):508-517.
1984	Mow VC, Holmes MH, Lai WM. Fluid transport and mechanical properties of articular cartilage: a review. J Biomech. 1984;17(5):377-394.
1976	Woo SL-Y, Akeson WH, Jemmott GF. Measurements of nonhomogeneous, directional mechanical properties of articular cartilage in tension. J Biomech. 1976;9(12):785-791.
1978	Caterson B, Lowther DA. Changes in the metabolism of the proteoglycans from sheep articular cartilage in response to mechanical stress. Biochim Biophys Acta. May 17, 1978;540(3):412-422.
1980	Roth V, Mow VC. The intrinsic tensile behavior of the matrix of bovine articular cartilage and its variation with age. J Bone Joint Surg. October 1980;62A(7):1102-1117.
1989	Spirt AA, Mak AF, Wassell RP. Nonlinear viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage in shear. J Orthop Res. January 1989;7(1):43-49.
1993	Gu WY, Lai WM, Mow VC. Transport of fluid and ions through a porous-permeable charged-hydrated tissue, and streaming potential data on normal bovine articular cartilage. J Biomech. June 1993;26(6):709-723.
1990	Holmes MH, Mow VC. The nonlinear characteristics of soft gels and hydrated connective tissues in ultrafiltration. J Biomech. 1990;23(11):1145-1156.
1991	Sah RL-Y, Doong J-YH, Grodzinsky AJ, Plaas AHK, Sandy JD. Effects of compression on the loss of newly synthesized proteoglycans and proteins from cartilage explants. Arch Biochem Biophys. April 1991;286(1):209-29.
1985	Lippiello L, Kaye C, Neumata T, Mankin HJ. In vitro metabolic response of articular cartilage segments to low levels of hydrostatic pressure. Connect Tissue Res. 1985;13(2):99-107.
1991	Athanasiou KA, Rosenwasser MP, Buckwalter JA, Malinin TI, Mow VC. Interspecies comparisons of in situ intrinsic mechanical properties of distal femoral cartilage. J Orthop Res. May 1991;9(3):330-340.
1982	Jones IL, Klämfeldt A, Sandström T. The effect of continuous mechanical pressure upon the turnover of articular cartilage proteoglycans in vitro. Clin Orthop Relat Res. May 1982;165:283-289.
1990	Schmidt MB, Mow VC, Chun LE, Eyre DR. Effects of proteoglycan extraction on the tensile behavior of articular cartilage. J Orthop Res. May 1990;8(3):353-363.
1991	Hall AC, Urban JPG, Gehl KA. The effects of hydrostatic pressure on matrix synthesis in articular cartilage. J Orthop Res. January 1991;9(1):1-10.
1981	Lai WM, Mow VC, Roth V. Effects of nonlinear strain-dependent permeability and rate of compression on the stress behavior of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1981;103(2):61-66.
1980	Lai WM, Mow VC. Drag-induced compression of articular cartilage during a permeation experiment. Biorheology. 1980;17(1-2):111-123.
1987	Frank EH, Grodzinsky AJ. Cartilage electromechanics, II: a continuum model of cartilage electrokinetics and correlation with experiments. J Biomech. 1987;20(6):629-639.
1986	Akizuki S, Mow VC, Müller F, Pita JC, Howell DS, Manicourt DH. Tensile properties of human knee joint cartilage, I: influence of ionic conditions, weight bearing, and fibrillation on the tensile modulus. J Orthop Res. 1986;4(4):379-392.
1990	Mow VC, Hou JS, Owens JM, Ratcliffe A. Biphasic and quasilinear viscoelastic theories for hydrated soft tissues. In: Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Woo SL-Y, eds. Biomechanics of Diarthrodial Joints. Vol 1. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1990:215-260.
1993	Parkkinen JJ, Ikonen J, Lammi MJ, Laakkonen J, Tammi M, Helminen HJ. Effects of cyclic hydrostatic pressure on proteoglycan synthesis in cultured chondrocytes and articular cartilage explants. Arch Biochem Biophys. January 1993;300(1):458-465.
1993	Zhu W, Mow VC, Koob TJ, Eyre DR. Viscoelastic shear properties of articular cartilage and the effects of glycosidase treatments. J Orthop Res. November 1993;11(6):771-781.
1968	Bullough P, Goodfellow J. The significance of the fine structure of articular cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg. November 1968;50B(4):852-857.

Year	Entry
1994	Guilak F, Donahue HJ, Zell RA, Grande D, McLeod KJ, Rubin CT. Deformation-induced calcium signaling in articular chondrocytes. In: Mow VC, Tran-Son-Tay R, Guilak F, Hochmuth RM, eds. Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering. Symposium on Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering; July 10-15, 1994. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1994:380-397.
2003	Guilak F, Setton LA. Functional tissue engineering and the role of biomechanical signaling in articular cartilage repair. In: Guilak F, Butler DL, Goldstein SA, Mooney DJ, eds. Functional Tissue Engineering. New York, NY: Inc., Springer-Verlag; 2003:277-290.
2005	Alexopoulos LG, Setton LA, Guilak F. The biomechanical role of the chondrocyte pericellular matrix in articular cartilage. Acta Biomater. May 2005;1(3):317-325.
2002	Mow VC, Guo XE. Mechano-electrochemical properties of articular cartilage: their inhomogeneities and anisotropies. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2002;4:175-209.
2002	Wang CC-B, Guo XE, Sun D, Mow VC, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. The functional environment of chondrocytes within cartilage subjected to compressive loading: a theoretical and experimental approach. Biorheology. 2002;39(1-2):11-25.
1999	Mow VC, Wang CC-B. Some bioengineering considerations for tissue engineering of articular cartilage. Clin Orthop Relat Res. October 1999;367(suppl):S204-S223.
2001	Guilak F, Butler DL, Goldstein SA. Functional tissue engineering: the role of biomechanics in articular cartilage repair. Clin Orthop Relat Res. October 2001;391(suppl):S295-S305.
2014	Sanchez-Adams J, Leddy HA, McNulty AL, O’Conor CJ, Guilak F. The mechanobiology of articular cartilage: bearing the burden of osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. October 2014;16(10):451.
1995	Guilak F. Compression-induced changes in the shape and volume of the chondrocyte nucleus. J Biomech. December 1995;28(12):1529-1541.
1995	Bachrach NM, Valhmu WB, Stazzone E, Ratcliffe A, Lai WM, Mow VC. Changes in proteoglycan synthesis of chondrocytes in articular cartilage are associated with the time-dependent changes in their mechanical environment. J Biomech. December 1995;28(12):1561-1569.
1996	Wu JZ, Herzog W, Ronsky J. Modeling axi-symmetrical joint contact with biphasic cartilage layers: an asymptotic solution. J Biomech. October 1996;29(10):1263-1281.
1999	Jones WR, Ping Ting-Beall H, Lee GM, Kelley SS, Hochmuth RM, Guilak F. Alterations in the young’s modulus and volumetric properties of chondrocytes isolated from normal and osteoarthritic human cartilage. J Biomech. February 1999;32(2):119-127.
2000	Hung CT, Ross Henshaw D, Wang CC-B, Mauck RL, Raia F, Palmer G, Grace Chao P-H, Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Valhmu WB. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in bovine articular chondrocytes in response to fluid flow does not require calcium mobilization. J Biomech. January 2000;33(1):73-80.
2000	Guilak F, Mow VC. The mechanical environment of the chondrocyte: a biphasic finite element model of cell–matrix interactions in articular cartilage. J Biomech. December 2000;33(12):1663-1673.
2001	Wang CC-B, Hung CT, Mow VC. An analysis of the effects of depth-dependent aggregate modulus on articular cartilage stress-relaxation behavior in compression. J Biomech. January 2001;34(1):75-84.
2005	Alexopoulos LG, Williams GM, Upton ML, Setton LA, Guilak F. Osteoarthritic changes in the biphasic mechanical properties of the chondrocyte pericellular matrix in articular cartilage. J Biomech. March 2005;38(3):509-517.
2006	Kelly T-AN, Ng KW, Wang CC-B, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Spatial and temporal development of chondrocyte-seeded agarose constructs in free-swelling and dynamically loaded cultures. J Biomech. 2006;39(8):1489-1497.
1998	Wu JZ, Herzog W, Epstein M. Articular joint mechanics with biphasic cartilage layers under dynamic loading. J Biomech Eng. February 1998;120(1):77-84.
2000	Mauck RL, Soltz MA, Wang CCB, Wong DD, Chao P-HG, Valhmu WB, Hung CT, Ateshian GA. Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage through dynamic loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose gels. J Biomech Eng. June 2000;122(3):252-260.
2003	Alexopoulos LG, Haider MA, Vail TP, Guilak F. Alterations in the mechanical properties of the human chondrocyte pericellular matrix with osteoarthritis. J Biomech Eng. June 2003;125(3):323-333.
1999	Shin D, Athanasiou K. Cytoindentation for obtaining cell biomechanical properties. J Orthop Res. November 1999;17(6):880-890.
2000	Trickey WR, Lee GM, Guilak F. Viscoelastic properties of chondrocytes from normal and osteoarthritic human cartilage. J Orthop Res. November 2000;18(6):891-898.
1999	Mow VC, Wang CC, Hung CT. The extracellular matrix, interstitial fluid and ions as a mechanical signal transducer in articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. January 1999;7(1):41-58.
1999	Guilak F, Jones WR, Ting-Beall HP, Lee GM. The deformation behavior and mechanical properties of chondrocytes in articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. January 1999;7(1):59-70.
2018	Wang Y. Transport of GAG Digesting Enzymes in Engineered Cartilage Tissues [Master's thesis]. Boston University; 2018.
1995	Bachrach NM. Growth Plate Chondrocyte Deformation in Situ and a Biphasic Inclusion Model for Cells Within Hydrated Soft Tissues [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 1995.
2001	Wang C. Digital Video Microscopy-Based Determination of Cartilage Inhomogeneity, Anisotropy and Tension -Compression Nonlinearity: Implications on Chondrocyte Environment [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2001.
2002	Sun D. Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of the Mechano-Electrochemical Properties of Articular Cartilage, a Charged -Hydrated -Soft, Biological Tissue [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2002.
2003	Mauck RL. Functional Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage: The Effect of Physical Forces on the in Vitro Growth of Engineered Constructs [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2003.
2006	Kelly T-AN. Functional Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage: Characterization and Optimization of Chondrocyte-Seeded Agarose Hydrogels [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2006.
2014	Sampat SR. Optimization of Culture Conditions for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Using Synovium-Derived Stem Cells [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2014.
2014	Tan AR. Towards Clinical Use of Engineered Tissues for Cartilage Repair [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2014.
2020	Irwin RM. Imaging the Microscale Mechanical Response of Articular Cartilage in Early Stage Osteoarthritis Treatments [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; August 2020.
2000	Trickey WR. Mechanical Properties of Chondrocytes [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2000.
2004	Alexopoulos LG. The Biomechanical Role of the Chondrocyte Pericellular Matrix in Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2004.
2013	Wilusz RE. Micromechanical Properties of the Extracellular and Pericellular Matrices of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2013.
2009	Ofek G. Biomechanics of the Single Chondrocyte and Its Developing Extracellular Matrix [PhD thesis]. Houston, TX: Rice University; May 2009.
1996	Mikic B. Epigenetic Influences on Long Bone Growth, Development, and Evolution [PhD thesis]. Stanford University; June 1996.
2004	Clark AL. Heterogeneous Patellofemoral Articular Cartilage Mechanical and Biological Response to Compression and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; April 2004.
1996	Shin D. Cytoindentation Theory and Experiment for Obtaining Cell Biomechanical Properties [PhD thesis]. University of Texas at Austin; August 1996.
2023	Savadipour A. Mechanosensitive Ion Channels as Therapeutics Targets for Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. St. Louis, MO: Washington University in St. Louis; December 2023.