Body composition plays an important role in an athlete's health and performance. While there have been abundant studies examining body composition using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with football players, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) is relatively a new technology that has not been examined in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide normative ranges of body composition and bone characteristic data of football players, compare position differences of their bone characteristics and detect changes between their two visits. The first visit was in January 2022 and the second visit was in July and August 2022. 96 players of the University of Pittsburgh football team were measured in the first visit and 79 players were measured in the second visit. They were divided into Line, Skill and Combination groups by different functional movements on the field. Body composition and bone characteristics were measured by DXA and HRpQCT. There were 3 DXA scans of their total body, non-dominant femur and AP spine, and 2 HRpQCT scans at 4% and 30% tibia sites in each visit. Appropriate descriptive analysis was used for providing normative range of data. One-way ANOVA was used to compare position differences. Paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were used to assess changes between the two visits, as appropriate. The results provided normative ranges of players' body composition and bone characteristics. For position differences, players in Line group had significantly higher BMD variables (p < 0.05). For HRpQCT data, players in Skill group had significantly lower bone geometry data (p < 0.05) and some trabecular bone microarchitecture variables (p < 0.05) than other two groups. For changes between the two visits, Lean mass, Fat-free mass, Spine BMD, Trunk BMD and most HRpQCT variables were significantly increased. This study did present position differences and changes for bone characteristic data, while the biggest limitation is that there is lack of knowledge about these data related to football athletes. Future research should focus on why bone data is different between players from different positions and how bone data changes can improve players' health and performance.