Indentation study of the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage in the canine knee

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Jurvelin, J.¹; Kiviranta, I.¹; Arokoski, J.¹; Tammi, M.¹; Helminen, H. J.¹

Indentation study of the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage in the canine knee

Eng Med. January 1987;16(1):15-22

©1987 MEP Ltp

Affiliations

¹Department of Anatomy, University of Kuopio, Finland
Abstract

Considering articular cartilage to be composed of an elastic organic matrix and interstitial water, compressional stiffness of canine knee (stifle) joint cartilage was determined in the form of shear moduli. Different stresses and indenters were used to reveal the suitability of the indentation measurement with a step-load. We were able to demonstrate the linearity of instant and equilibrium responses of cartilage. Using a theoretical solution for indentation of an elastic layer, the effect of the finite thickness of cartilage on the instant and equilibrium responses was eliminated. Using the intrinsic (equilibrium) shear modulus of the cartilage matrix, the stiffest cartilage was found to be located in the patellar surface of the femur. The thick, proteoglycan-rich tibial cartilage, which was uncovered by menisci, was softer than the opposing femoral cartilage. This finding casts doubt on the suggestion that the concentration of proteoglycans unambiguously determines the stiffness of cartilage, but emphasizes the importance of the collagen network also in the compressional behaviour of the cartilage.
Links

DOI: 10.1243/emed_jour_1987_016_006_02

PubMed: 3556710

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Cited By (21)

Year	Entry
1999	Shepherd DET, Seedhom BB. Thickness of human articular cartilage in joints of the lower limb. Ann Rheum Dis. January 1999;58(1):27-34.
1993	Parkkinen JJ, Ikonen J, Lammi MJ, Laakkonen J, Tammi M, Helminen HJ. Effects of cyclic hydrostatic pressure on proteoglycan synthesis in cultured chondrocytes and articular cartilage explants. Arch Biochem Biophys. January 1993;300(1):458-465.
1989	Mow VC, Gibbs MC, Lai WM, Zhu WB, Athanasiou KA. Biphasic indentation of articular cartilage, II: a numerical algorithm and an experimental study. J Biomech. 1989;22:853-861.
1990	Jurvelin J, Kiviranta I, Säämänen A-M, Tammi M, Helminen HJ. Indentation stiffness of young canine knee articular cartilage: influence of strenuous joint loading. J Biomech. 1990;23(12):1239-1246.
1997	Jurvelin JS, Buschmann MD, Hunziker EB. Optical and mechanical determination of Poisson's ratio of adult bovine humeral articular cartilage. J Biomech. March 1997;30(3):235-241.
1997	Ateshian GA, Warden W, Kim JJ, Grelsamer RP, Mow VC. Finite deformation biphasic material properties of bovine articular cartilage from confined compression experiments. J Biomech. November–December 1997;30:1157.
2002	Korhonen RK, Laasanen MS, Töyräs J, Rieppo J, Hirvonen J, Helminen HJ, Jurvelin JS. Comparison of the equilibrium response of articular cartilage in unconfined compression, confined compression and indentation. J Biomech. July 2002;35(7):903-909.
1992	Parkkinen JJ, Lammi MJ, Helminen HJ, Tammi M. Local stimulation of proteoglycan synthesis in articular cartilage explants by dynamic compression in vitro. J Orthop Res. 1992;10(5):610-620.
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2018	Arabshahi Z. New Mechanical Indentation Framework for Functional Assessment of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Queensland University of Technology; 2018.
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2014	Pourmohammadali H. Mechanical and Hydromechanical Stimulation of Chondrocytes for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2014.