The healing of segmental bone defects, induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2):​ a radiographic, histological, and biomechanical study in rats

Yasko, Alan W.; Lane, Joseph M.; Fellinger, Erich J.; Wozney, John M.; Wang, Elizabeth A.

Affiliations

¹The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030

²The Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, N.Y. 10021

³Orthopädische Universitatsklinik Wien, AKH, Garnisongasse 13, A-1090 Wien, Austria

⁴Genetics Institute, 87 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140

Abstract

Subcutaneous implants of a recombi nant human form of the bone-inducing protein rhBMP. 2 (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2) in rats have resulted in the local induction of endochon dral bone formation.

To test the osteoinductive activity of rhBMP-2 in an osseous location, we created five-millimeter segmental defects in the femora of forty-five adult male Sprague Dawley rats. Two doses of lyophilized rhBMP-2 (1.4 or 11.0 micrograms) were implanted in each defect, to gether with guanidine-hydrochloride extracted demin eralized rat-bone matrix as a carrier, and the results were compared with those in rats that had implantation of guanidine-hydrochloride extracted demineralized rat-bone matrix only. The formation and healing of bone were determined by radiographic, histological, and me chanical analysis.

Both doses of rhBMP-2 induced formation of endo chondral bone in the osseous defects in a dose-related manner. Implantation of 11.0 micrograms of rhBMP-2 yielded significant (p < 0.05) bone formation, resulting in radiographic, histological, and mechanical evidence of union. Despite new-bone formation in the defects that had received 1.4 micrograms of rhBMP-2, no in stances of union were observed.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: RhBMP-2 is the first growth factor available in recombinant form to demon strate osteoinductive activity leading to successful union in an orthotopic site. The results of this study support the potential application of rhBMP-2 as a bone-graft substitute of unlimited availability for clinical situations when local bone formation is needed.

Links

DOI: 10.2106/00004623-199274050-00005

PubMed: 1378056

WoS: A1992JD67700005

Cited By (30)

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