Restraint effectiveness, availability and use in fatal crashes: implications to injury control

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Viano, David C.¹

Restraint effectiveness, availability and use in fatal crashes: implications to injury control

J Trauma. April 1995;38(4):538-546

©1995 Williams & Wilkins

Affiliations

¹Research and Development Center, General Motors Corporation, Warren, Michigan
Abstract

The effectiveness and benefits of occupant restraint systems are compared by seating position in motor vehicles. While safety belts are 42% effective in preventing fatalities, the addition of the driver side airbag provides a 12% increase in effectiveness. The implications of safety belt use and airbag availability over the next decade are considered for fatal injury prevention. The analysis includes theoretical relationships and forecasts fatality prevention as lap-shoulder belt use increases and airbags phase into the vehicle fleet.
Links

DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199504000-00013

PubMed: 7723093

WoS: A1995RD56300013

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Cited By (17)

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2002	Atkinson P, Hariharan P, Mari-Gowda S, Telehowski P, Martin S, Van Hoof J, Bir C, Atkinson T. An under-hand steering wheel grasp produces significant injury risk to the upper extremity during airbag deployment. In: 46th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 30–October 2, 2002; Tempe, AZ.
2002	Baker SP, Chen L-H. Driver risk factors for fatal injury on weekend nights: analysis of alcohol and racial differences. In: 46th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 30–October 2, 2002; Tempe, AZ.
1996	Viano D, Jedrzejczak E, Deng B, Smrcka J, Kempf P, Pearlman M. Belt and airbag testing with a pregnant Hybrid III female dummy. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 13-16, 1996; Melbourne, Australia.1584-1597.
1998	Winston FK, Durbin DR, Bents FD, Werner JV, Bhatia E, Menon RA, Arbogast KB. A comprehensive surveillance system to investigate targeted issues in child occupant protection. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1291-1297.
2009	Rudd RW, Bean J, Cuentas C, Kahane CJ, Mynatt M, Wiacek C. A study of the factors affecting fatalities of air bag and belt-restrained occupants in frontal crashes. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2009	Crandall J. Simulating the road forward: the role of computational modeling in realizing future opportunities in traffic safety. In: Proceedings of the 2009 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 2009; York, UK.3-27.
1996	Loo GT, Siegel JH, Dischinger PC, Rixen D, Burgess AR, Addis MD, O'Quinn T, McCammon L, Schmidhauser CB, Marsh P, Hodge PA, Bents F. Airbag protection versus compartment intrusion effect determines the pattern of injuries in multiple trauma motor vehicle crashes. J Trauma. December 1996;41(6):935-951.
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2009	Swanseen KD. Effect of Belt Usage Reporting Errors on Injury Risk Estimates [Master's thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; December 9, 2009.