In 1995, there were 1.4 million automobiles in China. In 2010, the number of automobiles reached 18.27 million, including 9.576 million passenger vehicles [1]. With such rapidly growing capacity, traffic safety is becoming increasingly important. In 2010, there were 3,906,173 accidents, 65,225 fatalities, and 254,075 injuries reported by the Chinese official statistics [2].

Crash scenario typologies have been widely used in support of identifying crash intervention opportunities, setting research priorities and direction in safety technology development, and evaluating the effectiveness of selected crash countermeasure systems. The objective of this study is to collect data and to develop a list of representative near-crash scenarios. The developed frequency distribution of typical near-crash scenario can help identifying intervention technology development opportunities for collision avoidance.