High strain rate compressive properties of bovine muscle tissue determined using a split hopkinson bar apparatus

Van Sligtenhorst, Caleb<sup>1</sup>; Cronin, Duane S.<sup>1</sup>; Brodland, G. Wayne<sup>2</sup>

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada

²Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada

Abstract and keywords

The polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bar (PSHPB) apparatus is introduced as a means for measuring the high strain rate (1000–2500 s⁻¹) compressive properties of soft tissues. Issues related to specimen design are discussed, and protocols are presented for specimen preparation. Proposed specimen geometries were validated using high-speed photography. Stress–strain data were obtained for high strain rate compression of bovine muscle tissue to strains as high as 80%. The stress–strain curves were found to be strain rate-sensitive and concave upward, as is typical of soft tissues. Rigor had a significant impact on the material properties between 5 and 24 h post mortem, while at longer times, properties returned essentially to their pre-rigor values. This study presents some of the first published high rate properties of muscle tissue, data that are urgently for advanced modeling of the human body and for evaluation of safety systems for the human body.

Keywords: Mechanical properties; High strain rates; Polymeric split Hopkinson pressure bar (PSHPB); Bovine muscle tissue; Impact biomechanics

Links

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.05.015

PubMed: 16055133

WoS: 000239417900011

History

Accepted: 2005-05-18

Online: 2005-08-2

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Cited By (13)

Year	Entry
2015	Siegmund GP, Chimich DD, Elkin BS. Role of muscles in accidental injury. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:611-642.
2006	Chawla A, Mukherjee S, Marathe R, Karthikeyan B, Malhotra R. Determining strain rate dependence of human body soft tissues using a split Hopkinson pressure bar. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2006; Madrid, Spain.173-182.
2011	Cronin DS. Explicit finite element method applied to impact biomechanics problems. In: Proceedings of the 2011 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2011; Krakow, Poland.240-254.
2012	Takaza M, Simms CK. The passive response of skeletal muscle to compressive impact loading. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.503-514.
2012	Gras LL, Laporte S, Mitton D, Crevier‐Denoix N, Viot P. Tensile tests on a muscle: influence of experimental conditions and of velocity on its passive response. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.515-523.
2017	Webster CE. The Blast Pelvis [PhD thesis]. Imperial College London; October 2017.
2012	Brown EC. Mechanics and Neuromuscular Activation of the Upper Airway in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea [PhD thesis]. University of New South Wales; April 2012.
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2022	Rahmaan MT. Constitutive and Fracture Characterization of High Strength Aluminum Alloys At Low and Elevated Strain Rates [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2022.