Baboon tolerance to linear deceleration (-gx):​ lap belt restraint

Clarke, Thomas D.; Sprouffske, James F.; Trout, Edwin M.; Klopfenstein, Harold S.; Muzzy, William H.; Gragg, C. D.; Bendixen, Charles D.

Affiliations

¹6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico

Abstract

The tolerance to abrupt linear deceleration (-Gx) and the subject response to a lap belt restraint system were investigated. Nineteen adult male baboons comprised the test pool. The effects of impacts of 8.6-40 g were studied, with nonsurvivability used as the index of tolerance.

The results indicated that the tolerance to impact (LD 50 ) approximated a 32 g sled deceleration. Lethality was presumed attributable to the secondary impact as the head contacted the floor of the sled. Predominant lethal injuries included avulsion of the atlanto-occipital articulation and dislocation fractures of the cervical vertebrae with resulting transection of the spinal cord.

Excellent linear correlations were established between peak lap belt and seat pan forces versus maximum sled deceleration. Likewise, a linear relationship was found between peak head angular accelerations and maximum sled deceleration.

Links

DOI: 10.4271/700906

SAE: 700906

Cited Works (7)

Year	Entry
1968	Tarriere C. Analysis of interrelation of vehicle to seat belt as a function of rigidity of the vehicle. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:188-200. SAE 680777.
1968	Armstrong RW, Waters HP, Stapp JP. Human muscular restraint during sled deceleration. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:440-462. SAE 680793.
1968	Lombard CF, Robbins WA, Potter GL. Some factors contributing to head and neck injuries during whole body impact using guinea pig subjects in ±gx orientations. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:338-351. SAE 680787.
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1968	Martinez JL. Headrest and seat back design proposals. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:164-171. SAE 680775.
1968	Ewing CL, Thomas DJ, Beeler GW Jr, Patrick LM, Gillis DB. Dynamic response of the head and neck of the living human to —G_x impact acceleration. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:424-439. SAE 680792.
1965	Stapp JP, Taylor ER, Chandler R. Effects of pitch angle on impact tolerance. In: Severy DM, ed. Proceedings of the 7th Stapp Car Crash and Field Demonstration Conference. 1963; University of California at Los Angeles. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1965:500-502.

Cited By (2)

Year	Entry
1970	Clarke TD, Sprouffske JF, Trout EM, Gragg CD, Muzzy WH, Klopfenstein HS. Baboon tolerance to linear deceleration (-Gx): air bag restraint. In: Proceedings of the 14th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-18, 1970; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:263-278. SAE 700905.
2003	Rouhana SW, Bedewi PG, Kankanala SV, Prasad P, Zwolinski JJ, Meduvsky AG, Rupp JD, Jeffreys TA, Schneider LW. Biomechanics of 4-point seat belt systems in frontal impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:367-399. SAE 2003-22-0017.