Influence of pre-impact occupant properties on the injury response during frontal collisions

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Bose, Dipan¹; Crandall, Jeff¹; Untaroiu, Costin¹; Maslen, Eric¹

Influence of pre-impact occupant properties on the injury response during frontal collisions

Proceedings of the 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia
Abstract and keywords

Optimal performance of future adaptive restraint systems will require an accurate assessment of occupant characteristics including physical properties and pre-collision behavior of the occupant. This study is aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of frontal collision induced injuries to occupant state parameters: stature, mass, and pre-collision postural orientation. A numerically modeled restraint system was used to determine the potential benefits in injury mitigation by accounting for the occupant state parameters estimated during the pre-collision phase. The restraint system with properties optimized for varying sets of occupant anthropometries and posture states reported a reduction of 20-35% in the value of overall injuries. Restraint loading characteristics optimized for individual values of occupant parameters reported significant variation in the load-limiting threshold of the restraint system (4 kN to 8 kN). The influence of occupant state parameters on the overall injuries sustained in frontal collisions and the requirements on optimized restraint performance will provide a framework for developing restraint systems using accurate information regarding precollision occupant behavior.

Keywords: Adaptive restraint system; Occupants; seat belt; Multi-Body; posture

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2009	Ejima S, Zama Y, Ono K, Kaneoka K, Shiina I, Asada H. Prediction of pre-impact occupant kinematic behavior based on the muscle activity during frontal collision. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
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2013	van Rooij L, Pauwelussen J, Op den Camp O, Janssen R. Driver head displacement during (automatic) vehicle braking tests with varying levels of distraction. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2019	Zhao J, Jakkamsetti PK, Katagiri M, Lee S. New passenger restraints with adaptivity to occupant size, seating positions and crash scenarios through paired ATD-HM study. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
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2021	Chan H, Devane KS, Albert DL, Gayzik FS, Kemper AR. Comparisons of initial joint angles and test buck reaction forces for relaxed and braced 5th percentile female and 50th percentile male volunteers and analogous active human body models in a simulated driver’s seat. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.83-104.
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