Longitudinal bone microarchitectural changes are best detected using image registration

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Kemp, T. D.^1,2; de Bakker, C. M. J.^2,3; Gabel, L.^2,3; Hanley, D. A.²; Billington, E. O.²; Burt, L. A.^2,3; Boyd, S. K.^1,2,3

Longitudinal bone microarchitectural changes are best detected using image registration

Osteoporos Int. October 2020;31(10):1995-2005

©2020 International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

²McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

³Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Abstract and keywords

Summary: Longitudinal studies of bone using high-resolution medical imaging may result in non-physiological measurements of longitudinal changes. In this study, we determined that three-dimensional image processing techniques best capture realistic longitudinal changes in bone density and should therefore be used with high-resolution imaging when studying bone changes over time.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine which longitudinal analysis technique (no registration (NR), slice-match (SM) registration, or three-dimensional registration (3DR)) produced the most realistic longitudinal changes in a 3-year study of bone density and structure using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).

Methods: We assessed HR-pQCT scans of the distal radius and tibia for men and women (N = 40) aged 55–70 years at baseline and 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. To evaluate which longitudinal analysis technique (NR, SM, or 3DR) best captured physiologically reasonable 3-year changes, we calculated the standard deviation of the absolute rate of change in each bone parameter. The data were compared between longitudinal analysis techniques using repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc analysis.

Results: As expected, both SM and 3DR better captured physiological longitudinal changes than NR. At the tibia, there were no differences between SM and 3DR; however, at the radius where precision was lower, 3DR produced better results for total bone mineral density.

Conclusions: At least SM or 3DR should be implemented in longitudinal studies using HR-pQCT. 3DR is preferable, particularly at the radius, to ensure that physiological changes in bone density are observed.

Keywords: 3D registration; Bone density; Bone microarchitecture; HR-pQCT; Least significant change; Longitudinal analysis
Links

DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05449-2

PubMed: 32430614

WoS: 000534205500001
History

Received: 2020-03-17

Accepted: 2020-05-04

Online: 2020-05-19

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Year	Entry
2021	Mikolajewicz N, Zimmermann EA, Rummler M, Hosseinitabatabaei S, Julien C, Glorieux FH, Rauch F, Willie BM. Multisite longitudinal calibration of HR-pQCT scanners and precision in osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone. June 2021;147:115880.
2021	Burt LA, Billington EO, Rose MS, Kremer R, Hanley DA, Boyd SK. Reply to vitamin D supplements: is bone loss by HR-pQCT really negative? J Bone Miner Res. June 2021;36(6):1206-1207.
2022	Hosseinitabatabaei S, Mikolajewicz N, Zimmermann EA, Rummler M, Steyn B, Julien C, Rauch F, Willie BM. 3D image registration marginally improves the precision of HR-pQCT measurements compared to cross-sectional-area registration in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta. J Bone Miner Res. May 2022;37(5):908-924.
2020	Plett RM. Enhanced Longitudinal Analysis of Bone Strength Estimated by 3D Bone Imaging and the Finite Element Method [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; October 2020.
2021	Besler BAA. Bone as an Orientable, Smooth Surface: Distance Transforms, Morphometry, and Adaptation [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2021.
2021	Kemp TD. An Inverse Interface Evolution Problem to Identify Participant-Specific Bone Microarchitecture Adaptation [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; May 2021.