Maimaris, C.; Barnes, M. R.; Allen, M. J.

Affiliations

¹Accident and Emergency Department, Leicester Royal Infirmary

Abstract

This is a retrospective study of 102 patients with whiplash injuries of the neck followed up at approximately 2 years. The results show that 67 patients were asymptomatic by this time and the remaining 35 patients still exhibited symptoms. Prognostic indicators were found to be age, occipital headaches, referred symptoms, interscapular pain, abnormal neurological signs, positive radiological findings and osteoarthritic changes of the cervical spine. Symptoms that persisted for more than 2 months indicated prolonged disability.

Links

DOI: 10.1016/0020-1383(88)90131-3

PubMed: 3267643

WoS: A1988T384800008

History

Accepted: 1988-06-14

Cited Works (4)

Year	Entry
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Cited By (21)

Year	Entry
1994	Barnsley L, Lord S, Bogduk N. Whiplash injury. Pain. September 1994;58(3):283-307.
1993	Maag U, Laberge-Nadeau C, Tao X-T. Neck sprains in car crashes: incidence, associations, length of compensation and costs to the insurer. In: 37th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). November 4-6, 1993; San Antonio, TX.15-26.
1998	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Cusick JF, Kleinberger M. Head-neck biomechanics in simulated rear impact. In: 42nd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 1998; Charlottesville, VA.209-231.
1994	Svensson MY. Discussion of "an assessment of the crash protection afforded by neck collars for racing car drivers" In discussion of: Glaister DH, Neil LP, Waugh PJ. An assessment of the crash protection afforded by neck collars for racing car drivers. In: Advances in Occupant Restraint Technologies: Joint AAAM-IRCOBI Special Session. September 22, 1994; Lyon, France.159-168. In: Advances in Occupant Restraint Technologies: Joint AAAM-IRCOBI Special Session. September 22, 1994; Lyon, France.169-171.
1994	Ryan GA, Moore VM, Dolinis J, Taylor GW. Crash severity and neck strain in car occupants. In: Proceedings of the 1994 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 21-23, 1994; Lyon, France.97-107.
2007	Stemper BD, Yoganandan N, Gennarelli TA, Pintar FA. Toward a lower neck rear impact injury criterion: correlation of lower neck loads with spinal kinematics. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.249-260.
2004	Sundararajan S, Prasad P, Demetropoulos CK, Tashman S, Begeman PC, Yang KH, King AI. Effect of head-neck position on cervical facet stretch of post mortem human subjects during low speed rear end impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:331-372. SAE 2004-22-0015.
2000	Svensson MY, Boström O, Davidsson J, Hansson H-A, Håland Y, Lövsund P, Suneson A, Säljö A. Neck injuries in car collisions: a review covering a possible injury mechanism and the development of a new rear-impact dummy. Accid Anal Prev. March 2000;32(2):167-175.
2001	Bogduk N, Yoganandan N. Biomechanics of the cervical spine, III: minor injuries. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). May 2001;16(4):267-275.
1998	Panjabi MM, Nibu K, Cholewicki J. Whiplash injuries and the potential for mechanical instability. Eur Spine J. 1998;7(6):484-492.
1995	Sturzenegger M, Radanov BP, Di Stefano G. The effect of accident mechanisms and initial findings on the long-term course of whiplash injury. J Neurol. 1995;242(7):443-449.
1996	Schrader H, Obelieniene D, Bovim G, Surkiene D, Mickeviciene D, Miseviciene I, Sand T. Natural evolution of late whiplash syndrome outside the medicolegal context. Lancet. May 4, 1996;347(9010):1207-1211.
1995	Radanov BP, Sturzenegger M, Di Stefano G. Long-term outcome after whiplash injury: a 2-year follow-up considering features of injury mechanism and somatic, radiologic, and psychosocial findings. Medicine. September 1995;74(5):281-297.
1994	Sturzenegger M, DiStefano G, Radanov BP, Schnidrig A. Presenting symptoms and signs after whiplash injury: the influence of accident mechanisms. Neurology. April 1994;44(4):688-693.
1999	Winkelstein BA. A Mechanical Basis for Whiplash Injury: The Cervical Facet Joint, Spinal Motion Segment, and Combined Loading [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 1999.
2009	DeRosia JJ. Role of Gender and Size in Biomechanics of Rear Impact Wilwaukee, WI: Marquette University; May 2009.
2001	Weaver BT. The Analysis of Tissue Response Following a Single Rigid Blunt Impact in an in Vivo Animal Model [Master's thesis]. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University; 2001.
2000	Simms C. Temporomandibular Joint Injuries During Whiplash [PhD thesis]. Dublin, Ireland: Trinity College Dublin; 2000.
2010	Fice JB. Numerical Modeling of Whiplash Injury [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010.
2005	Sundararajan S. Effect of Head-Neck Position on Cervical Facet Stretch of Post Mortem Human Subjects During Low Speed Rear End Impacts [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2005.
2006	Ivancic PC. Cervical Spine Injury During Simulated Automobile Collisions [PhD thesis]. Yale University; May 2006.