Trabecular bone structures can be modeled as a linear elastic solid, with a heterogeneous and anisotropic structure. The HR-pQCT technique is ideal for the characterization of trabecular bone to measure aspects of bone quality in diseases such as osteoporosis. In this investigation, twelve human vertebrae were used for the investigation of the mechanical properties of trabecular bone by finite element analysis (FEA). A virtual cube sample with 18.5 mm sides was extracted from each vertebrae andfour smaller central cubes were obtainedfrom it, with a 20% reduction of volumefor each cube. The direct mechanics approach by FEA was performed (FAIM v6.0, Numerics88 Solutions Ltd) and mean values on three mean directions of loading resulting in:​ E₁ = 294MPa, E₂ = 258MPa, E₃ = 153 MPa, G₂₃ = 86MPa, G₃₁ = 103MPa, G₁₂ = 100MPa. The Statistical Analysis was applied showing that E₁ values are statically different from E₃, and E₂ are statically different from E₃, with E₂ equal to E₁. This indicates that there are two different mean directions of loading on these trabecular bone samples of human vertebrae. The assessment of microstructural properties showed a tendency to increased connectivity of trabeculae, which occurs as the reduction of the analyzed subvolumes (100% to 20% or 18.5 mm to 3.7 mm) followed by an addition of bone volume fraction values. Those results highlight the idea that mechanical properties are better described in local regions, in other words, a local assessment with smaller sample size maintain the volume fraction and connectivity improving the prediction of bone strength. The mechanical properties are better associated with microstructural information in the subvolume, reducing the time of scan and radiation dose, which can generate bone quality parameters, for the diagnosis of bone diseases and prediction offracture risk of bone structures with higher accuracy