Evaluation of adaptive belt restraint systems for the protection of elderly occupants in frontal impacts

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Mroz, Krystoffer¹; Pipkorn, Bengt^1,2; Sunnevång, Cecilia¹; Eggers, Andre³; Bråse, Dan¹

Evaluation of adaptive belt restraint systems for the protection of elderly occupants in frontal impacts

Proceedings of the 2018 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹Autoliv Research, Vårgårda, Sweden

²Chalmers University of Technology

³Federal Highway Research Institute, BASt, Germany
Abstract and keywords

The effect of belt configuration, load limiting and pretensioning on the protection of elderly occupants was evaluated using the THOR ATD and the human body model THUMS TUC in frontal impacts at 35 km/h and 56 km/h. In total, 18 sled tests were carried out in a generic buck, which comprised of a seat‐belt, a rigid seat and a generic driver airbag. The multipoint injury criteria Rmax and PCA score were derived from THOR IR‐TRACC deflections and used to assess the thoracic injury risk for elderly occupants.

For a 65‐year‐old occupant in 35 km/h, a reduction in Rmax‐based AIS3+ chest injury risk from 62% to 2% was obtained for the criss‐cross belt compared to a 4 kN load limited belt, and a reduction to 14% for a two‐retractor belt and to 17% for a split‐buckle belt. In 56 km/h, reduction in AIS3+ chest injury risk from 96% to 23%, 76% and 43% was obtained for the corresponding belt systems. Similar reductions in chest injury risk were obtained for the PCA measure. For the THUMS model, risk of fractured ribs reduced from 74% to 0% for the criss‐cross system compared to a 4 kN load limited belt in 35 km/h.

Keywords: Belt, Chest injury, Frontal impact, THOR, Elderly THUMS
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc18/pdf-files/15.pdf

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2019	Östling M, Larsson A. Occupant activities and sitting positions in automated vehicles in China and Sweden. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
2019	Eggers A, Wisch M, Schießler M, Pipkorn B, Mroz K, Hynd D. Improved thoracic injury risk functions for the THOR-M-50 developed in a new simulation-based approach. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
2019	Fornells A, Odriozola M, Mensa G, Mroz K, Eggers A. Study of chest injury risk probability within the seniors project for 45- and 65- year old car occupants using current and advanced restraint systems in sled test with THOR dummy. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
2021	Östling M, Lundgren C, Lubbe N, Huf A, Wernicke P, Pipkorn B. The influence of a seat track load limiter on lumbar spine compression forces in relaxed, reclined, and upright seating positions: a sled test study using THOR-50M. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.361-379.