Malaysian in‐depth crash data between year 2007 and 2012 revealed that 90.4% of frontal impact crashes involved passenger vehicles. The study is intended to understand the characteristics and understand the contributing factors of occupants’ injury outcome in passenger vehicle frontal impact crashes. Fatal crashes involving passenger vehicles’ frontal impacts from the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) crash database for year 2007‐2012 was utilized for the study. The analysis revealed that involvement of vehicles with Antilock Braking System (ABS) and Electronic Stability Control (ESC) active safety systems were relatively low which was 5.5% of the total vehicles involved. The data revealed that in rear impacts, driver and front passenger fatality was definite. It was also proven that in the condition of unrestraint and without frontal airbags, passenger vehicles frontal occupants are more likely to be killed in frontal impacts. The result also revealed significant difference in the mean value of Energy Equivalent Speed (EES) and Velocity Change upon Impact (Delta‐V) between fatal and non‐fatal drivers involved in passenger vehicle frontal impacts. The finding highlights the necessity in ensuring proper active and passive safety systems being equipped in passenger vehicles to improve protection to passenger vehicle occupants in frontal impacts.
Keywords:
Crash severity, Delta‐V, EES, frontal impacts, injury severity