Injury biomechanical studies on the human spinal column have been published in the 1970s and 1980s from different perspectives. Experimental studies in the 1970s and 1980s focused all three mobile regions: cervical, thoracic and lumbar spines [1–3]. In the 1980s and 1990s, computational modeling aspects of spinal injuries were published [4, 5]. Although these review articles provided data on the three regions of the human vertebral column, the presentation of the thoracic spine topic has been limited [6]. This chapter focuses only on the thoracic region and it describes the biomechanically relevant anatomy, followed by the determination of the biomechanical responses from component to mono- and multi-segment spines (one level functional and disc-body units, and more than one level spinal units) to intact human cadaver, termed post mortem human subject (PMHS) experiments. Field and clinical information are included along with radiological images to correlate some of the experimental model outputs. Biomechanical tolerances and injury mechanisms are given consideration in the brief chapter.