The Hybrid‐III anthropomorphic test device is commonly used for evaluation of human lower extremity injury risk in environments such as automotive intrusion and underbody blast, despite previous literature showing differences between the Hybrid‐III and human lower leg mechanical response at faster loading rates. To interpret the Hybrid‐III leg data for use in determining human injury risk, transfer functions were developed relating tibia forces from both the Hybrid‐III and post mortem human surrogates (PMHS) to axial impact data with loading rates ranging from 100 to 600 g’s of peak acceleration with durations of 6.8 to 10 ms and impact velocities between 1.5 to 10 m/s. A parametric study using two finite element models simulated with the same impact conditions was performed, and upper tibia force response was compared between the models. Transfer functions were developed to relate the proximal tibia force responses from each model. Additionally, existing injury criteria were used to determine injury risk for the human based on the Hybrid‐III force output. When using existing injury criteria, the transfer function predicted a 50 percent human injury risk when the Hybrid‐III axial upper tibia force was 13 kN.
Keywords:
Axial loading, finite element, Hybrid‐III, transfer function