Analysis of pedestrian head kinematics based on car-pedestrian test results

Cesari, D.<sup>1</sup>; Cavallero, C.<sup>1</sup>; Billault, P.<sup>2</sup>; Berthommier, M.<sup>2</sup>; Farisse, J.<sup>3</sup>; Bonnoit, J.<sup>3</sup>; Seriat-Gautier, B.<sup>3</sup>; Castera, B.<sup>3</sup>

In the frame of the program of pedestrian safety improvement made in MARSEILLE under collaboration between ONSER, MARSEILLE Medical University and CITROEN/PSA, 170 full scale pedestrian tests were performed (100 cadavers tests and 70 dummy tests) .

This experimental program allowed us to analyze especially head kinematic in relation with car impact speed (10 to 40 km/h) impact configuration (facing and side) and vehicule type. This analysis takes into consideration high speed films, head acceleration, injury distribution, and mechanical characteristics of car areas hit by the head.

At the present time, the use of an experimental car platform, which has adjustable front shape, allows to relate head kinematic to car front profile (shape and stiffness). Moreover it allows a more complete analysis of kinematics as this platform does not include bonnet, windshield and roof.

This paper includes results of head kinematics pointing out the effect of impact speed, vehicle front profile, and describes head typology of pedestrian hit by a passenger car.

Year

Entry

1983

Farisse J, Bonnoit J, Seriat-Gautier B, Brunet C, Daon N, Lang O, Cesari D, Cavallero C, Billault P, Bourret P. A detailed injury severity scale for lower limbs based on analysis of injuries sustained by pedestrians. In: Proceedings of the 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1983; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:329-349. SAE 831628.

1980

Cesari D, Ramet M, Cavallero C, Billault P, Gambarelli J, Guerinel G, Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Bourret P. Experimental study of pedestrian kinematics and injuries. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.273-285.

1981

Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Dalmas J, Daou N, Bourret P, Cavallero C, Cesari D, Ramet M, Billault P, Berthommier M. Anatomical and biomechanical study of injuries observed during experimental pedestrian-car collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1981 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1981; Salon de Provence, France.342-354.

1982

Lestrelin D, Tarrière C, Walfisch G, Fayon A, Got C, Patel A, Hureau J. Proper use of HIC under different typical colllsion environments. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). November 1-4, 1982; Kyoto, Japan.321-336.

1979

Bourret P, Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Larousse R, Billault P, Ramet M, Cesari D, Cavallero C. Experimental study of injuries observed on pedestrians. In: Proceedings of the 1979 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 5-7, 1979; Goeteborg, Sweden.263-274.