Injury mechanisms to fully restrained occupants

Shanks, J. E.; Thompson, A. L.

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec (Canada)

Abstract

This paper presents selected data from a year long study by the McGill University Accident Investigation Team of 74 accident cases (AC) where one or more fully restrained (lap and shoulder) occupants of the vehicle/s received injuries of level OAIS 2 or greater.

Predominant accident mechanisms in each OAIS category and several areas of particular safety-related interest are discussed. Narratives of cases are included where the restraint system apparently caused or increased the severity of the injury. Recommendations to improve occupant protection are provided.

Links

DOI: 10.4271/791003

SAE: 791003

Cited Works (2)

Year	Entry
1976	The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 1976 Revision. Morton Grove, IL: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM); 1976.
1977	Green RN, Nowak ES, Thomas LS. Investigation of injury mechanisms associated with fully restrained passenger vehicle occupants in London, Ontario. In: 21st Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 15-17, 1977; Vancouver, BC.127-145.

Cited By (7)

Year	Entry
1986	Green RN, German A, Gorski ZM, Nowak ES, Tryphonopoulos JP. Improper use of occupant restraints: case studies from real-world collisions. In: 30th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 6, 1986; Montreal, QC.423-38.
1987	Green RN, German A, German A, Nowak ES. Case studies of severe frontal collisions involving fully-restrained occupants. In: 31st Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 28-30, 1987; New Orleans, LA.309-323.
1989	Biss DJ. Investigation, evaluation, and development of advanced concepts in three-point belt comfort enhancement devices. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 29–June 1, 1989; Göteborg, Sweden.416-442.
1980	Krantz P, Löwenhielm P. Injury response in belted and unbelted car occupants related to the car crash energy in 458 accidents: a study of all fatal automobile accidents in Sweden 1975. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.305-317.
1981	Langwieder K, Hummel T, Sagerer F. Characteristics of neck injuries of car occupants. In: Proceedings of the 1981 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1981; Salon de Provence, France.78-97.
1980	Horsch JD. Occupant dynamics as a function of impact angle and belt restraint. In: Proceedings of the 24th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 15-17, 1980; Troy, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:419-438. SAE 801310.
1989	Browne AL. Windshield impact response: an empirical study of the standard three-ply construction. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 4-6, 1989; Washington, DC. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:153-175. SAE 892434.