AIS1 neck injury reducing effect of whips (whiplash protection system)

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Jakobsson, Lotta¹; Norin, Hans¹

AIS1 neck injury reducing effect of whips (whiplash protection system)

Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹Volvo Car Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden
Abstract and keywords

Rear-end impacts involving Volvo cars from 1999-2002, including 1221 front seat occupants (above 14 years of age and without prior neck problems), are investigated with respect to AIS1 neck injury rate differences between those in WHIPS seats as compared to those in previous Volvo seats. The differences with respect to gender is explored. The AIS1 neck injury reducing effect of WHIPS as compared to previous Volvo seats is 31% for initial neck symptoms and 51% for neck symptoms lasting longer than one year. The injury reducing effect is higher for women than for men. No clear explanation for the gender differences was found with respect to occupant size.

Keywords: neck injuries; rear impacts; accident analysis; seats; whiplash

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Cited By (10)

Year	Entry
2010	Schmitt K-U, Niederer PF, Muser MH, Walz F. Trauma Biomechanics: Accidental Injury in Traffic and Sports. 2nd ed. Deidelberg, Germany: Springer; 2010.
2005	Edwards M, Smith S, Zuby DS, Lund AK. Improved seat and head restraint evaluations. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.
2009	Distner M, Bengtsson M, Broberg T, Jakobsson L. City safety: a system addressing rear-end collisions at low speeds. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2013	Lemmen P, Gupta A, Lakshminarayana A, Carlsson A, Svensson M, Schmitt K-U, Levallois I, Linder A, Tomasch E. Seat optimisation considering reduction of neck injuries for female and male occupants: applications of the EvaRID model and a loading device representing a 50th percentile female. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2005	Cappon H, Hell W, Hoschopf H, Muser M, Song E, Wismans J. Correlation of accident statistics to whiplash performance parameters using the RID3D and BioRID dummy. In: Proceedings of the 2005 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 21-23, 2005; Prague, Czech Republic.229-243.
2011	Moser A, Steffan H, Avery M, Mackay M, Weekes A. WITkit: whiplash injury risk claims, methodology and theory of operation. In: Proceedings of the 2011 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2011; Krakow, Poland.73-85.
2015	Jakobsson L, Lindman M, Björklund M, Victor T. Rear‐end impact: crash prevention and occupant protection. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.803-813.
2021	Jakobsson L, Östh J, Bohman K. Rear-end impact assessment expanded with pre-impact posture variations. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.753-770.
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