Evaluation of the lap belt, air bag, and air force restraint systems during impact with living human sled subjects

Gragg, C. D.; Bendixen, C. D.; Clarke, T. D.; Klopfenstein, H. S.; Sprouffske, J. F.

Affiliations

¹6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico

Abstract

Abrupt linear decelerations (-G x ) were conducted with human volunteers in order to study the loading to the human anatomy while restrained with the lap belt, lap belt plus air bag, and Air Force harness systems.

Impulses and peak forces in the lap belts and peak forces in the seat pan, seat back, and foot cells were measured and compared. Each subject was compared with himself using the different systems, and the range and mean of these comparisons are shown.

The results indicated that in comparison with the lap belt only system, both the lap belt plus air bag and the Air Force harness systems significantly reduced the impulses and peak forces transmitted to the pelvis.

Links

DOI: 10.4271/700904

SAE: 700904

Cited Works (2)

Year	Entry
1969	Ewing CL, Thomas DJ, Patrick LM, Beeler GW, Smith MJ. Living human dynamic response to -Gx impact acceleration, II: accelerations measured on the head and neck. In: Proceedings of the 13th Stapp Car Crash Conference. December 2-4, 1969; Boston, MA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:400-415. SAE 690817.
1968	Armstrong RW, Waters HP, Stapp JP. Human muscular restraint during sled deceleration. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:440-462. SAE 680793.

Cited By (5)

Year	Entry
1976	Mohan D, Zador P, O’Neill B, Ginsburg M. Air bags and lap/shoulder belts: a comparison of their effectiveness in real world, frontal crashes. In: 20th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). November 1-3, 1976; Atlanta, GA.315-335.
1975	Ojimi M, Kawai A, Kawai S, Kikuchi A, Ono K, Komaki Y, Matsuno M, Moriyasu N, Tsubokawa T. Research on biological effects of impact acceleration wave patterns. In: Proceedings of the 1975 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1975; Birmingham, UK.288-296.
1971	Clarke TD, Gragg CD, Sprouffske JF, Trout EM, Zimmerman RM, Muzzy WH. Human head linear and angular accelerations during impact. In: Proceedings of the 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1971; Coronado, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:269-286. SAE 710857.
2003	Rouhana SW, Bedewi PG, Kankanala SV, Prasad P, Zwolinski JJ, Meduvsky AG, Rupp JD, Jeffreys TA, Schneider LW. Biomechanics of 4-point seat belt systems in frontal impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:367-399. SAE 2003-22-0017.
1977	Begeman PC. The Effect of Energy Absorbing Devices on Spinal Loads Resulting from -G_X Acceleration [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1977.