Modeling occupants in far-side impacts

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Douglas, Clay¹; Fildes, Brian¹; Gibson, Tom²

Modeling occupants in far-side impacts

Traffic Inj Prev. 2011;12(5):508-517

©2011 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Affiliations

¹Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia

²Human Impact Engineering, St. Peters, New South Wales, Australia
Abstract and keywords

Far-side impacts are not part of any regulated NCAP, FMVSS, or similar test regime despite accounting for 43 percent of the seriously injured persons and 30 percent of the harm in U.S. side impact crashes. Furthermore, injuries to the head and thorax account for over half of the serious injuries sustained by occupants in far-side crashes. Despite this, there is no regulated or well-accepted anthropomorphic test device (ATD) or computer model available to investigate far-side impacts. As such, this presents an opportunity to assess a computer model that can be used to measure the effect of varying restraint parameters on occupant biomechanics in far-side impacts.

Objective: This study sets out to demonstrate the modified TASS human facet model's (MOTHMO) capabilities in modeling whole-body response in far-side impacts.

Method: MOTHMO's dynamic response was compared to that of postmortem human subjects (PMHS), WorldSID, and Thor-NT in a series of far-side sled tests. The advantages, disadvantages, and differences of using MOTHMO compared to ATDs were highlighted and described in terms of model design and instrumentation. Potential applications and improvements for MOTHMO were also recommended.

Results: The results showed that MOTHMO is capable of replicating the seat belt–to-shoulder complex interaction, pelvis impacts, head displacement, neck and shoulder belt loading from inboard mounted belts, and impacts from multiple directions. Overall, the model performed better than Thor-NT and at least as well as WorldSID when compared to PMHS results. Though WorldSID and Thor-NT ATDs were capable of reproducing many of these impact loads, measuring the seat belt–to-shoulder complex interaction and thoracic deflection at multiple sites and directions was less accurately handled.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that MOTHMO is capable of modeling whole-body response in far-side impacts. Furthermore, MOTHMO can be used as a virtual design tool to explore the effect of varying restraint parameters on occupant kinematics in far-side crash configurations.

Keywords: Far side; Human model; Side impact; Seat belt
Links

DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2011.587066

PubMed: 21972862

WoS: 000296387800012
History

Received: 2011-03-06

Accepted: 2011-05-06

Online: 2011-10-5

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Cited By (3)

Year	Entry
2013	Mathews EA, Balasubramanian S, Seacrist T, Maltese MR, Arbogast KB, Kent RW, Forman J, Higuchi K, Tanji H. Comparison of pediatric and young adult far-side head kinematics in lowspeed lateral and oblique impacts. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2012	Arbogast KB, Mathews EA, Seacrist T, Maltese MR, Hammond R, Balasubramanian S, Kent RW, Tanji H, St. Lawrence S, Higuchi K. The effect of pretensioning and age on torso rollout in restrained human volunteers in far-side lateral and oblique loading. Stapp Car Crash J. October 2012;56:443-467.
2015	Mathews EA. Pediatric and Young Adult Biomechanical Response to Far-Side Oblique and Lateral Low-Speed Impacts [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: Drexel University; April 2015.