Bone Mechanics Handbook

Page	Entry	Times Cited	Times Cited (no self-citations)
1	Jee, Webster S. S. Integrated bone tissue physiology: anatomy and physiology	83	82
2	Majeska, Robert J. Cell biology of bone	17	17
3	Young, Marian F.; Dieudonné, Suzanne C. Molecular biology techniques to measure skeletal gene expression	0	0
4	Young, Marian F.; Xu, Tianshun Creating transgeneic mice to study skeletal function	1	1
5	Boskey, Adele L. Bone mineralization	29	26
6	Cowin, Stephen C. Mechanics of materials	6	6
7	Turner, Charles H.; Burr, David B. Experimental techniques for bone mechanics	33	32
8	Fritton, Susannah P.; Rubin, Clinton T. Dense bone tissue as a molecular composite	1	1
9	Rüegsegger, Peter Imaging of bone structure	3	3
10	Guo, X. Edward Mechanical properties of cortical and cancellous bone tissue	38	37
11	Lakes, Roderic Viscoelastic properties of cortical bone	21	21
12	Lucchinetti, Eliana Composite models of bone properties	16	16
13	Lucchinetti, Eliana Dense bone tissue as a molecular composite	6	6
14	Odgaard, Anders Quantification of cancellous bone architecture	18	18
15	van Rietbergen, Bert; Huiskes, Rik Elastic constants of cancellous bone	15	15
16	Keaveny, Tony. M. Strength of trabecular bone	27	17
17	Jepsen, Karl J.; Davy, Dwight T.; Akkus, Ozan Observations of damage in bone	17	14
18	Davy, Dwight T.; Jepsen, Karl J. Bone damage mechanics	10	9
19	Currey, John D. Ontogenetic changes in compact bone material properties	4	4
20	Martin, R. Bruce; Sharkey, Neil A. Mechanical effects of postmortem changes, preservation, and allograft bone treatments	16	15
21	Winet, Howard Bone poroelasticity	0	0
22	Knothe Tate, Melissa L. Bone poroelasticity	0	0
23	Cowin, Stephen C. Bone poroelasticity	3	3
24	Pollack, Solomon R. Streaming potentials in bone	1	1
25	Arramon, Yves P.; Nauman, Eric A. The intrinsic permeability of cancellous bone	3	3
26	Goodship, Allen E.; Cunningham, James L. Pathophysiology of functional adaptation of bone in remodeling and repair in vivo	0	0
27	Brown, Thomas D. Devices and techniques for in vitro mechanical stimulation of bone cells	4	4
28	Burger, Elisabeth H. Experiments on cell mechanosensitivity: bone cells as mechanical engineers	8	8
29	Cowin, Stephen C.; Moss, Melvin L. Mechanosensory mechanisms in bone	11	10
30	Cowin, Stephen C. The false premise of Wolff's Law	21	21
31	Hart, Richard T. Bone modeling and remodeling: theories and computation	15	14
32	Prendergast, Patrick J.; van der Meulen, Marjolein C. H. Mechanics of bone regeneration	7	3
33	Villarraga, Marta L.; Ford, Catherine M. Applications of bone mechanics	4	4
34	Kaufman, Jonathan J.; Siffert, Robert S. Noninvasive measurement of bone integrity	2	2
35	Prendergast, Patrick J. Bone prostheses and implants	2	1
36	Hollister, Scott J.; Chu, Tien-Min Gabriel; Halloran, John W.; Feinberg, Stephen E. Design and manufacture of bone replacement scaffolds	4	3

Year	Entry
2004	Adams MF, Bayraktar HH, Keaveny TM, Papadopoulos P. Ultrascalable implicit finite element analyses in solid mechanics with over a half a billion degrees of freedom. In: SC '04: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing. November 6-12, 2004; Pittsburgh, PA.
2007	Cowin SC, Doty SB. Bone tissue. In: Tissue Mechanics. Boca Raton, FL: Springer; 2007:341-384.
2007	Cowin SC, Doty SB. Bone tissue adaptation. In: Tissue Mechanics. Boca Raton, FL: Springer; 2007:385-424.
2002	Currey JD. Bones: Structure and Mechanics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2002.
2025	Allen MR, Wallace J. Skeletal Tissue Mechanics. 3rd ed. Cham, Switzerland: Springer; 2025.
2008	Kent R, Woods W, Bostrom O. Fatality risk and the presence of rib fractures. In: 52nd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 6-8, 2008; San Diego, CA.73-82.
2007	Pfefferle KL, Litsky A, Donnelly B, Bolte J IV. Biomechanical properties of the excised pediatric human rib. In: Proceedings of the 35th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2007.142-156.
2016	Khor F, Watson B, Gierczycka D, Malcolm S, Panzer MB, Cronin D. Effect of cortical bone material asymmetry using a three‐point bend test simulation. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Asia Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. May 16-18, 2016; Seoul, South Korea.18-19.
2003	Ruan J, El-Jawahri R, Chai L, Barbat S, Prasad P. Prediction and analysis of human thoracic impact responses and injuries in cadaver impacts using a full human body finite element model. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:299-321. SAE 2003-22-0014.
2004	Kent R, Lessley D, Sherwood C. Thoracic response to dynamic, non-impact loading from a hub, distributed belt, diagonal belt, and double diagonal belts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:495-519. SAE 2004-22-0022.
2005	Kemper AR, McNally C, Kennedy EA, Manoogian SJ, Rath AL, Ng TP, Stitzel JD, Smith EP, Duma SM, Matsuoka F. Material properties of human rib cortical bone from dynamic tension coupon testing. Stapp Car Crash J. 2005;49:199-230. SAE 2005-22-0010.
2005	Kent R, Lee S-H, Darvish K, Wang S, Poster CS, Lange AW, Brede C, Lange D, Matsuoka F. Structural and material changes in the aging thorax and their role in crash protection for older occupants. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2005;49:231-249. SAE 2005-22-0011.
2007	Untaroiu C, Kerrigan J, Kam C, Crandall J, Yamazaki K, Fukuyama K, Kamiji K, Yasuki T, Funk J. Correlation of strain and loads measured in the long bones with observed kinematics of the lower limb during vehicle-pedestrian impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:433-466. SAE 2007-22-0018.
2008	Chang C-Y, Rupp JD, Kikuchi N, Schneider LW. Development of a finite element model to study the effects of muscle forces on knee-thigh-hip injuries in frontal crashes. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:475-504. SAE 2008-22-0018.
2008	Ruan JS, El-Jawahri R, Barbat S, Rouhana SW, Prasad P. Impact response and biomechanical analysis of the knee-thigh-hip complex in frontal impacts with a full human body finite element model. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:505-526. SAE 2008-22-0019.
2009	Ivarsson BJ, Genovese D, Crandall JR, Bolton JR, Untaroiu CD, Bose D. The tolerance of the femoral shaft in combined axial compression and bending loading. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:251-290. SAE 2009-22-0010.
2012	Nikodem A. Correlations between structural and mechanical properties of human trabecular femur bone. Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2012;14(2):37-46.
2010	Hamed E, Lee Y, Jasiuk I. Multiscale modeling of elastic properties of cortical bone. Acta Mech. August 2010;213(1):131-154.
2006	Ruff C, Holt B, Trinkaus E. Who's afraid of the big bad Wolff? “Wolff's law” and bone functional adaptation. Am J Phys Anthropol. April 2006;129(4):484-498.
2010	Dubey DK, Tomar V. Role of molecular level interfacial forces in hard biomaterial mechanics: a review. Ann Biomed Eng. June 2010;38(6):2040-2055.
2009	Garcia D, Zysset PK, Charlebois M, Curnier A. A three-dimensional elastic plastic damage constitutive law for bone tissue. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. April 2009;8(2):149-165.
2019	Bravo AE, Osnaya LC, Ramírez EI, Jacobo VH, Ortiz A. The effect of bone marrow on the mechanical behavior of porcine trabecular bone. Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2019;5(6):065023.
2006	Hoc T, Henry L, Verdier M, Aubry D, Sedel L, Meunier A. Effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties of Haversian cortical bone. Bone. April 2006;38(4):466-474.
2008	Yerramshetty JS, Akkus O. The associations between mineral crystallinity and the mechanical properties of human cortical bone. Bone. March 2008;42(3):476-482.
2015	Katsamenis OL, Jenkins T, Thurner PJ. Toughness and damage susceptibility in human cortical bone is proportional to mechanical inhomogeneity at the osteonal-level. Bone. July 2015;76:158-168.
2015	Unal M, Akkus O. Raman spectral classification of mineral- and collagen-bound water's associations to elastic and post-yield mechanical properties of cortical bone. Bone. December 2015;81:315-326.
2016	Meyer LA, Johnson MG, Cullen DM, Vivanco JF, Blank RD, Ploeg H-L, Smith EL. Combined exposure to big endothelin-1 and mechanical loading in bovine sternal cores promotes osteogenesis. Bone. April 2016;85:115-122.
2020	Xi L, Song Y, Wu W, Qu Z, Wen J, Liao B, Tao R, Ge J, Fang D. Investigation of bone matrix composition, architecture and mechanical properties reflect structure-function relationship of cortical bone in glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. Bone. July 2020;136:115334.
2021	Loundagin LL, Pohl AJ, Edwards WB. Stressed volume estimated by finite element analysis predicts the fatigue life of human cortical bone: the role of vascular canals as stress concentrators. Bone. February 2021;143:115647.
2022	Haider IT, Sawatsky A, Zhu Y, Page R, Kostenuik PJ, Boyd SK, Edwards WB. Denosumab treatment is associated with decreased cortical porosity and increased bone density and strength at the proximal humerus of ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys. Bone. November 2022;164:116517.
2009	Currey J. Measurement of the mechanical properties of bone: a recent history. Clin Orthop Relat Res. August 2009;467(8):1948-1954.
2012	Gross T, Pahr DH, Peyrin F, Zysset PK. Mineral heterogeneity has a minor influence on the apparent elastic properties of human cancellous bone: SRμCT-based finite element study. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Eng. November 2012;15(11):1137-1144.
2020	Maghsoudi-Ganjeh M, Wang X, Zeng X. Nanomechanics and ultrastructure of bone: a review. Comput Model Eng Sci. 2020;125(1):1-32.
2019	Semaan M, Karam E, Baron C, Pithioux M. Estimation of the elastic modulus of child cortical bone specimens via microindentation. Connect Tissue Res. July 4, 2019;60(4):399-405.
2020	Dapaah D, Badaoui R, Bahmani A, Montesano J, Willett T. Modelling the micro-damage process zone during cortical bone fracture. Eng Fract Mech. February 1, 2020;224:106811.
2018	Marco M, Belda R, Miguélez MH, Giner E. A heterogeneous orientation criterion for crack modelling in cortical bone using a phantom-node approach. Finite Elem Anal Des. July 2018;146:107-117.
2018	Levchuk A, Schneider P, Meier M, Vogel P, Donaldson F, Müller R. An automated step-wise micro-compression device for 3D dynamic image-guided failure assessment of bone tissue on a microstructural level using time-lapsed tomography. Front Mater. June 2018;5:32.
2010	Untaroiu CD. A numerical investigation of mid-femoral injury tolerance in axial compression and bending loading. Int J Crashworthiness. 2010;15(1):83-92.
2020	Belda R, Palomar M, Peris-Serra JL, Vercher-Martínez A, Giner E. Compression failure characterization of cancellous bone combining experimental testing, digital image correlation and finite element modeling. Int J Mech Sci. January 2020;165:105213.
2007	Shahar R, Zaslansky P, Barak M, Friesem AA, Currey JD, Weiner S. Anisotropic Poisson's ratio and compression modulus of cortical bone determined by speckle interferometry. J Biomech. 2007;40(2):252-264.
2007	Yosibash Z, Trabelsi N, Milgrom C. Reliable simulations of the human proximal femur by high-order finite element analysis validated by experimental observations. J Biomech. 2007;40(16):3688-3699.
2008	Nazarian A, Bauernschmitt M, Eberle C, Meier D, Müller R, Snyder BD. Design and validation of a testing system to assess torsional cancellous bone failure in conjunction with time-lapsed micro-computed tomographic imaging. J Biomech. December 5, 2008;41(16):3496-3501.
2011	Feng L, Jasiuk I. Multi-scale characterization of swine femoral cortical bone. J Biomech. January 11, 2011;44(2):313-320.
2011	Cherkaev E, Bonifasi-Lista C. Characterization of structure and properties of bone by spectral measure method. J Biomech. January 11, 2011;44(2):345-351.
2011	Marinozzi F, Bini F, Marinozzi A. Evidence of entropic elasticity of human bone trabeculae at low strains. J Biomech. March 15, 2011;44(5):988-991.
2011	Carnelli D, Lucchini R, Ponzoni M, Contro R, Vena P. Nanoindentation testing and finite element simulations of cortical bone allowing for anisotropic elastic and inelastic mechanical response. J Biomech. July 7, 2011;44(10):1852-1858.
2011	Juszczyk MM, Cristofolini L, Viceconti M. The human proximal femur behaves linearly elastic up to failure under physiological loading conditions. J Biomech. August 11, 2011;44(12):2259-2266.
2013	Horgan CO. End effects in mechanical testing of biomaterials. J Biomech. March 15, 2013;46(5):1040-1041.
2013	Nawathe S, Juillard F, Keaveny TM. Theoretical bounds for the influence of tissue-level ductility on the apparent-level strength of human trabecular bone. J Biomech. April 26, 2013;46(7):1293-1299.
2007	Yosibash Z, Padan R, Joskowicz L, Milgrom C. A CT-based high-order finite element analysis of the human proximal femur compared to in-vitro experiments. J Biomech Eng. June 2007;129(3):297-309.
2009	Franzoso G, Zysset PK. Elastic anisotropy of human cortical bone secondary osteons measured by nanoindentation. J Biomech Eng. February 2009;131(2):021001.
2014	Chen Y, Pani M, Taddei F, Mazzà C, Li X, Viceconti M. Large-scale finite element analysis of human cancellous bone tissue micro computer tomography data: a convergence study. J Biomech Eng. October 2014;136(10):101013.
2006	Hernandez CJ, Gupta A, Keaveny TM. A biomechanical analysis of the effects of resorption cavities on cancellous bone strength. J Bone Miner Res. August 2006;21(8):1248-1255.
2011	Montalbano T, Feng G. Nanoindentation characterization of the cement lines in ovine and bovine femurs. J Mater Res. April 28, 2011;26(8):1036-1041.
2012	Currey JD. The structure and mechanics of bone. J Mater Sci. January 2012;47(1):41-54.
2011	Reisinger AG, Pahr DH, Zysset PK. Principal stiffness orientation and degree of anisotropy of human osteons based on nanoindentation in three distinct planes. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. November 2011;4(8):2113-2127.
2013	Feerick EM, Liu X, McGarry P. Anisotropic mode-dependent damage of cortical bone using the extended finite element method (XFEM). J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. April 2013;20:77-89.
2016	Wen X-X, Xua C, Zong C-L, Feng Y-F, Ma X-Y, Wang F-Q, Yan Y-B, Lei W. Relationship between sample volumes and modulus of human vertebral trabecular bone in micro-finite element analysis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. July 2016;60:468-475.
2017	Chen Y, Dall’Ara E, Sales E, Manda K, Wallace R, Pankaj P, Viceconti M. Micro-CT based finite element models of cancellous bone predict accurately displacement once the boundary condition is well replicated: a validation study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. January 2017;65:644-651.
2019	Asgari M, Abi-Rafeh J, Hendy GN, Pasini D. Material anisotropy and elasticity of cortical and trabecular bone in the adult mouse femur via AFM indentation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. May 2019;93:81-92.
2020	Remache D, Semaan M, Rossi JM, Pithioux M, Milan J. Application of the Johnson-Cook plasticity model in the finite element simulations of the nanoindentation of the cortical bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. January 2020;101:103426.
2020	Bai W, Shu L, Sun R, Xu J, Silberschmidt VV, Sugita N. Mechanism of material removal in orthogonal cutting of cortical bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. April 2020;104:103618.
2020	Bai W, Shu L, Sun R, Xu J, Silberschmidt VV, Sugita N. Improvements of material removal in cortical bone via impact cutting method. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. August 2020;108:103791.
2020	Loundagin LL, Edwards WB. Stressed volume around vascular canals explains compressive fatigue life variation of secondary osteonal bone but not plexiform bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. November 2020;110:104002.
2020	Gailani G, Cowin S. Theoretical analysis of the leakage through the cement line of a single osteon. J Mech Med Biol. March 2020;20(2):1950073.
2022	Gaziano P, Monaldo E, Falcinelli C, Vairo G. Elasto-damage mechanics of osteons: a bottom-up multiscale approach. J Mech Phys Solids. October 2022;167:104962.
2003	Gefen A, Gefen N, Zhu Q, Raghupathi R, Margulies SS. Age-dependent changes in material properties of the brain and braincase of the rat. J Neurotrauma. November 2003;20(11):1163-1177.
2012	Moesen M, Cardoso L, Cowin SC. A symmetry invariant formulation of the relationship between the elasticity tensor and the fabric tensor. Mech Mater. November 2012;54:70-83.
2008	Natali AN, Carniel EL, Pavan PG. Constitutive modelling of inelastic behaviour of cortical bone. Med Eng Phys. September 2008;30(7):905-912.
2011	Bonney H, Colston BJ, Goodman AM. Regional variation in the mechanical properties of cortical bone from the porcine femur. Med Eng Phys. May 2011;33(4):513-520.
2011	Lorenzetti S, Carretta R, Müller R, Stüssi E. A new device and method for measuring the elastic modulus of single trabeculae. Med Eng Phys. October 2011;33(8):993-1000.
2014	Schwiedrzik J, Raghavan R, Bürki A, LeNader V, Wolfram U, Michler J, Zysset P. In situ micropillar compression reveals superior strength and ductility but an absence of damage in lamellar bone. Nat Med. July 2014;13(7):740-747.
2007	Fratzl P, Weinkamer R. Nature’s hierarchical materials. Prog Mater Sci. November 2007;52(8):1263-1334.
2025	Michener S, Schuurman NC, Swanlund D, Bell LS. Demonstration of a novel method to explore osteon tilt in the human femoral cortex. Sci Rep. November 21, 2025;15:41371.
2020	Ogurkowska MB, Błaszczyk A. Distribution of Young's modulus at various sampling points in a human lumbar spine vertebral body. Spine J. November 2020;20(11):1861-1875.
2008	Sharir A, Barak MM, Shahar R. Whole bone mechanics and mechanical testing. Vet J. July 2008;177(1):8-17.
2020	Aggleton J. First-Hand Experience: A Methodology for Exploring Bone Architecture [PhD thesis]. Bristol, UK: University of Bristol; January 2020.
2013	Hussein Ali AI. 3-D Visualization and Prediction of Spine Fractures Under Axial Loading [PhD thesis]. Boston University; 2013.
2010	Jähn K. Ex Vivo and in Vitro Culture Models of Human Osteoblast-Like Cells and the Effects of TGFβ₃ and Serum-Free Culture [PhD thesis]. Cardiff University; 2010.
2016	Haider IT. An Investigation on the Influence of Stumbling Loads on Femoral Fracture Risk, Using a Novel Gradient Enhanced Quasibrittle Finite Element Model [PhD thesis]. Carleton University; 2016.
2011	Kummari SR. Experimental and Computational Evaluation of Microscopic Tissue Damage and Remodeling Cavities in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; May 2011.
2013	Moore SR. Bridging Mechanics & Biology to Understand the Periosteum's Role in Bone Regeneration: Towards a Parametric Approach to Engineering Replacement Periosteum [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; August 2013.
2017	Unal M. Classification of Bound Water and Collagen Denaturation Status of Cortical Bone by Raman Spectroscopy [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; January 2017.
2020	Mehraban Alvandi L. Diffuse Damage Repair Mechanism in Bone [PhD thesis]. New York, NY: The City College of New York; 2020.
2010	Zhang XH. High Resolution Imaging Based Patient Specific Biomechanical Assessment of Bone Quality [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2010.
2017	Yu Y. Contributions of Anisotropic and Heterogeneous Tissue Modulus to Apparent Trabecular Bone Mechanical Properties [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2017.
2012	Slyfield CR Jr. The Biomechanics of Bone Turnover [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; January 2012.
2013	Burket JC. Alterations in Tissue Composition and Nanomechanical Properties With Ageing, Osteoporosis, and Treatment [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; January 2013.
2017	Cresswell EN. Spatial Regulation of Bone Formation in Functional Adaptation of Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; May 2017.
2005	Beno T. Investigating the Role of Microstructure in Bone Permeability [PhD thesis]. New York, NY: The City University of New York; 2005.
2012	Benalla M. Experimental Detrmination of the Lacunar-Canalicular Permeability Using Cyclic Loading [PhD thesis]. New York, NY: The City University of New York; 2012.
2013	Souzanchi MF. The Effect of Microarchitecture and Fabric Anisotropy of Trabecular Bone on Its Mechanical Behavior [PhD thesis]. New York, NY: The City University of New York; 2013.
2014	Seref-Ferlengez Z. Diffused Microdamage in Bone Vivo: Structural and Mechanical Bases of Repair [PhD thesis]. New York, NY: The City University of New York; 2014.
2016	Florencio FL. Multiscale Modelling of Trabecular Bone: From Micro to Macroscale [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, Scotland: University of Edinburgh; 2016.
2018	Xie S. Characterisation of Time-Dependent Mechanical Behaviour of Trabecular Bone and Its Constituents [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, Scotland: University of Edinburgh; 2018.
2006	Charpail E. Analyse du comportement mecanique des cotes humaines en dynamique [Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Human Ribs in Dynamics] [PhD thesis]. Paris, France: l’École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers; October 27, 2006.
2006	Garcia D. Elastic Plastic Damage Laws for Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. Lausanne, Switzerland: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 2006.
2007	Schneider P. Ultrastructural Phenotyping of Murine Bone Using Synchrotron Micro- and Nano-Computed Tomography [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2007.
2008	Nazarian A. Relative Interaction of Material and Structure in Normal and Pathologic Bone [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2008.
2011	Lambers FM. Functional Bone Imaging in an in Vivo Mouse Model of Bone Adaptation, Aging and Disease [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2011.
2006	Nagaraja S. Microstructural Stresses and Strains Associated With Trabecular Bone Microdamage [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; December 2006.
2011	Boerckel JD. Mechanical Regulation of Bone Regeneration and Vascular Growth in Vivo [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; August 2011.
2010	Chennimalai Kumar N. Numerical Modeling of Cortical Bone Adaptation Due to Mechanical Loading Using the Finite Element Method [PhD thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2010.
2010	Feng L. Multi-Scale Characterization of Swine Femoral Cortical Bone and Long Bone Defect Repair by Regeneration [PhD thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2010.
2012	Hamed E. Multiscale Modeling of Elastic Moduli and Strength of Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2012.
2019	Livingston E. Morphological and Mechanical Analysis of the Porous Structure of Cortical Bone [Master's thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2019.
2015	Rodriguez-Florez N. Mechanics of Cortical Bone: Exploring the Micro- and Nano-Scale [PhD thesis]. Imperial College London; January 2015.
2009	Moesen M. Modeling of the Geometry and Mechanical Behavior of Bone Scaffolds [PhD thesis]. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; June 2009.
2018	Wang M. Effect of Osteonal Microstructure on Crack Propagation: A Computational Study [PhD thesis]. Loughborough University; October 2018.
2019	Du J. Mechanical Adaptation of Human Trabecular Bone: Experimental and Computational Study [PhD thesis]. Loughborough University; 2019.
2006	Yang S. Animal Experiment (rabbit) to Demonstrate Changes in Trabecular Bone Mechanical Properties Over Time Using Finite Element Analysis [PhD thesis]. Louisville, KY: University of Louisville; December 2006.
2009	Karakolis T. Mechanical Induction of Bone Formation: Comparison Between Rat and Mouse Forelimb Models [Master's thesis]. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University; December 2009.
2017	Elmasry S. Developing Computational Models for the Biomechanical Assessment of Thoracolumbar Spine Surgeries [PhD thesis]. University of Miami; August 2017.
2012	Khan M. The Effects of Exercise and Diet on Developmental Bone Plasticity [Master's thesis]. Mount Sinai School of Medicine; 2012.
2020	Isa MI. Experimental Investigations of Blunt Force Trauma in the Human Skeleton [PhD thesis]. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University; 2020.
2019	Ghiasi MS. Mechanobiological Modeling on Bone Fracture Healing [PhD thesis]. Northeastern University; December 2019.
2012	Deymier-Black AC. Study of the Elasto-Plastic Properties of Mineralized Biomaterials Via Synchrotron High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction [PhD thesis]. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University; June 2012.
2012	Yuan F. Finite Element Simulation of the Mechanical Properties of Mineralized Biomaterials [PhD thesis]. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University; August 2012.
2013	Weiss HE. Engineering a Replacement Bone Tissue With Adult Adipose-Derived Stem Cells [PhD thesis]. University of Notre Dame; April 2013.
2013	Verbruggen SW. Mechanobiological Origins of Osteoporosis [PhD thesis]. National University of Ireland Galway; September 2013.
2020	O’Sullivan LM. Time-Sequence of Biomechanical Adaption in Trabecular Tissue During Estrogen Deficiency [PhD thesis]. National University of Ireland Galway; March 2020.
2020	Simfia I. Estrogen Deficiency Alters the Mechanobiological Responses of Osteoblasts and Osteocytes [PhD thesis]. National University of Ireland Galway; April 2020.
2006	Xavier AM. Determination of the Material Properties of the Pediatric Rib [Master's thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2006.
2023	Ning B. In Vivo Experimental Platform Evaluating Synchronously 3D Bone Growth, (re)modeling, Microdamage and Mechanical Properties [PhD thesis]. École polytechnique de Montréal; August 2023.
2012	Tozzi G. In Vitro Studies of Bone-Cement Interface and Related Work on Cemented Acetabular Replacement [PhD thesis]. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth; May 29, 2012.
2020	Karali A. Multi-Scale Evaluation of Bone Combining Indentation, in Situ XCT Mechanics and Digital Volume Correlation [PhD thesis]. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth; 2020.
2010	Gurkan UA. Engineering of Bone Marrow in Vitro for Investigating the Role of Growth Factors and Their Mechanoresponsiveness in Osteogenesis [PhD thesis]. Purdue University; May 2010.
2012	Sun X. Mechanically Induced Calcium Efflux from Bone Matrix Stimulates Osteoblasts [PhD thesis]. Purdue University; May 2012.
2011	Ahmed F. Multiscale Quantitative Imaging of Human Femoral Heads Using X-Ray Microtomography [PhD thesis]. Queen Mary University of London; 2011.
2013	Schumacher Y. Comparison of Two Loading Surface Preparation Methods on Rat Vertebral Bodies for Compression Testing [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; September 2013.
2024	Cameron E. Knee Joint Loading and Fracture Risk Analyses of Patients With Benign Bone Tumours: A Finite Element Analysis [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; August 15, 2024.
2006	Hannay G. Mechanical and Electrical Environments to Stimulate Bone Cell Development [PhD thesis]. Queensland University of Technology; August 2006.
2023	Branni MG. Constitutive Models of Bone: The Human Femur [PhD thesis]. Queensland University of Technology; 2023.
2010	Janeiro C. The Effect of Bone Quality on Osteoclastic Bone Resorption [PhD thesis]. Troy, NY: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; May 2010.
2016	Chen Y. Verification and Validation of MicroCT-Based Finite Element Models of Bone Tissue Biomechanics [PhD thesis]. Sheffield, UK: University of Sheffield; July 2016.
2018	Costa MC. Prediction of the Risk of Vertebral Fracture in Patients With Metastatic Bone Lesions as a Tool for More Effective Patients’ Management [PhD thesis]. University of Sheffield; November 2018.
2007	Yao H. Mechanical Testing of Bone and Bone-Like Materials Using Image Correlation Strain Measurement Technique [Master's thesis]. Southern Methodist University; August 2007.
2011	Yao H. Microstructure-Based Characterization and Modeling of Trabecular Bone Deformation and Failure [PhD thesis]. Southern Methodist University; August 3, 2011.
2012	Brennan MA. Close to the Bone: Investigations Into Bone Tissue Mineralisation and Mechanobiology of Osteoporosis [PhD thesis]. University of Southampton; January 2012.
2012	Kwaczala AT. Alendronate and PTH Differentially Modulate Bone Quality and Reduce Adiposity in an OVX Rat Model [PhD thesis]. Stony Brook, NY: Stony Brook University; December 2012.
2003	Allen MR. Mechanisms of Impaired Osteoblast Function During Disuse [PhD thesis]. Texas A&M University; August 2003.
2004	Prommin D. Compressive Behavior of Trabecular Bone in the Proximal Tibia Using a Cellular Solid Model [PhD thesis]. Texas A&M University; August 2004.
2003	Kelly DJ. Mechanobiology of Tissue Differentiation During Osteochondral Defect Repair [PhD thesis]. Trinity College Dublin; October 2003.
2005	McGarry JG. Computational and Experimental Investigation of Bone Cell Response to Mechanical Stimuli [PhD thesis]. Trinity College Dublin; September 2005.
2011	Reisinger AG. Modeling and Validation of Multiscale Lamellar Bone Elasticity [PhD thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; November 2011.
2018	Bachmann S. Age, Sex and Treatment Related Changes of Bone Mineral Density Based on Ct Data [Master's thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; October 2018.
2020	Lamprecht A. Effect of Osmotic Pressure on the Viscoelastic Properties of Cortical Bone [Master's thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; 2020.
2020	Stipsitz M. Development of a Nonlinear Micro Finite Element Framework for Image-Based Simulations in Bone Biomechanics [PhD thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; 2020.
2021	Biebrich K-M. The Mechanical Behavior of Simple and Advanced FDM Printed Models of Human Femora [Master's thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; April 2021.
2006	Swain RC. Development and Modeling of an Impact Test to Determine the Bone-Implant Interface Properties of Osseointegrated Implants [PhD thesis]. Edmonton, AB: University of Alberta; 2006.
2020	Westover L. Evaluation of the Interface Mechanical Properties of Craniofacial Implants and Natural Teeth Through Development of the Advanced System for Implant Stability Testing (ASIST) [PhD thesis]. Edmonton, AB: University of Alberta; 2020.
2006	Soares Silva LDM. Nanoindentation Study and Quantitative Backscattered Electron Imaging of Human Cortical Bone [Master's thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; 2006.
2011	Ebacher V. Experimental Study of Deformation and Microcracking in Human Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; May 2011.
2016	Gustafson HM. Quantifying the Response of Vertebral Bodies to Compressive Loading Using Digital Image Correlation [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; October 2016.
2007	MacNeil JAM. Clinical Assessment of Bone Quality [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; June 2007.
2012	Nishiyama KKS. In Vivo Assessment of Bone Microarchitecture and Estimated Bone Strength [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; October 2012.
2012	Pauchard Y. In Vivo Monitoring of Longitudinal Changes in Bone Micro-Architecture Using High-Resolution Peripheral Computed Tomography [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; February 2012.
2014	Jorgenson BL. Cortical Porosity in Bone [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; April 2014.
2020	Loundagin LL. The Influence of Intracortical Microarchitecture on the Mechanical Fatigue of Bone [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; July 2020.
2024	Neeteson NJ. Development of Novel Automated Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Bone With High-Resolution Peripheral Computed Tomography and Application to Investigate Bone Changes Following ACL Injury [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 2024.
2024	Soleimani K. Interstitial Fluid Dynamics in Cortical Bone Remodeling Via Porous Media Theory [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 2024.
2003	Bayraktar HH. Multiaxial Strength and Micromechanics of Human Bone [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2003.
2013	Sanyal A. Bone Strength Multi-Axial Behavior: Volume Fraction, Anisotropy and Microarchitecture [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2013.
2014	Nawathe S. Micromechanics of the Human Proximal Femur: Role of Microstructure and Tissue-Level Ductility on Femoral Strength [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2014.
2012	Evdokimenko E. Investigation Into Mechanical Properties of Bone and Its Main Constituents [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2012.
2010	Rodriguez AG. Human Endplate Permeability and Microstructure and Their Relationship to Disc Degeneration [PhD thesis]. San Francisco, University of California; 2010.
2012	Mengoni M. On the Development of an Integrated Bone Remodeling Law for Orthodontic Tooth Movements Models Using the Finite Element Method [PhD thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; June 2012.
2009	Chang C-Y. Prediction of the Effects of Lower-Extremity Muscle Forces on Knee, Thigh, and Hip Injuries in Frontal Motor Vehicle Crashes [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2009.
2014	Schwiedrzik JJ. Experimental, Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of the Nonlinear Micromechanical Properties of Bone [PhD thesis]. Universität Bern; 2014.
2013	Iori G. Micro-FEM Models Based on Micro-CT Reconstructions for the in Vitro Characterization of the Elastic Properties of Trabecular Bone Tissue [Master's thesis]. University of Bologna; 2013.
2019	Spingarn C. Contribution à la biomécanique de la régénération osseuse: Modélisation, simulation et applications [PhD thesis]. Strasbourg, France: Université de Strasbourg; June 11, 2019.
2011	Wolfram U. Mechanical Multiscale Characterisation of Vertebral Trabecular Bone for the Prediction of Vertebral Fracture Risk [PhD thesis]. University of Ulm; 2011.
2011	Rieger R. Modélisation mécano-biologique par éléments finis de l'os trabéculaire: Des activités cellulaires au remodelage osseux [Mechano-Biological Modeling of Trabecular Bone by Finite Elements: From Cells’ Activities to Bone Remodeling] [PhD thesis]. University of Orleans; 2011.
2021	Atthapreyangkul A. Multi-Scale Finite Element Modelling of Human Cortical Bone: An Analysis of the Mechanical Properties and Microdamage Onset of Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. University of New South Wales; April 2021.
2010	Wald MJ. Mapping Trabecular Bone Fabric Tensor by in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2010.
2021	Tseng W-J. Structural and Mechanical Responses to Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Treatment, Discontinuation and Cyclic Administration Regimens [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2021.
2016	Arango Villegas C. Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Cortical Bone Microstructure by the Finite Element Method [PhD thesis]. Universität Politècnica de València; May 2016.
2020	Belda González R. Mechanical and Morphometric Characterization of Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Universität Politècnica de València; March 2020.
2013	Eleazer CD. The Interaction of Mechanical Loading and Metabolic Stress on Human Cortical Bone: Testing Anthropological Assumptions Using Cross-Sectional Geometry and Histomorphology [PhD thesis]. Knoxville, University of Tennessee; August 2013.
2010	Magalhaes JKRS. The Role of Rac1 and Rac2 in Determining Bone Quality in Aged and Osteoporotic Female Mouse Models [Master's thesis]. University of Toronto; 2010.
2010	Sardone LD. The Effect of Rosiglitazone on Bone Quality in a Rat Model of Insulin Resistance and Osteoporosis [Master's thesis]. University of Toronto; 2010.
2013	Gaspar AE. Beyond Bone Mineral Density: Detecting Changes in Fracture Risk in the Absence of Mineral Loss With the Mechanical Response Tissue Analyzer [Master's thesis]. University of Toronto; 2013.
2014	Pakdel Sefidgar AR. The Craniomaxillofacial Skeleton: New Approaches in Computational Biomechanics and Fracture Stabilization [PhD thesis]. University of Toronto; 2014.
2015	Ng AH-M. A Mouse Model of Adynamic Bone Disease (ABD) and Its Consequences on Bone Quality With Age [PhD thesis]. University of Toronto; 2015.
2018	Zhang L. Effects of Osteoblast-Specific Gα_S Overexpression on Skeletal Development and Response to Catabolic and Anabolic Stimuli Using a Transgenic Mouse Model [PhD thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018.
2006	Lau AG. Development of a Microstructural Homogenization Model for Calcifying Cartilage Using the Generalized Method of Cells [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; January 2006.
2023	Shin JS. Male-Female Comparison of the Biomechanics of Reclined Occupants in Frontal Impacts [Master's thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; December 2023.
2006	Panzer MB. Numerical Modelling of the Human Cervical Spine in Frontal Impact [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2006.
2018	Dapaah DY. An Experimentally Validated Continuum Damage Mechanics Model of the Micro-Damage Process Zone During Cortical Bone Fracture [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.
2018	Khor F. Computational Modeling of Hard Tissue Response and Fracture in the Lower Cervical Spine Under Compression Including Age Effects [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.
2020	Correia MA. Optimization of Neck Musculature Activation for Head Kinematics in Frontal, Lateral and Rear Impact Simulations [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020.
2022	Haghpanah Z. In Vitro Evaluation of Bone Cell Response to Novel 3D-Printable Nanocomposite Biomaterials for Bone Reconstruction [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2022.
2024	Benais R. Computational Modeling of Trabecular Bone Indentation and Development of a New Test Method to Perform Unconstrained Load-Induced Subsidence of an Intervertebral Body Fusion Device [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2024.
2018	Creecy A. Age- and Diabetes-Related Changes in the Matrix and Fracture Resistance of Bone [PhD thesis]. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University; August 10, 2018.
2005	Kemper AR. Material Properties of Human Rib Cortical Bone from Dynamic Tension Coupon Testing [Master's thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; April 22, 2005.
2024	Comer JS. Put Your Back Into it: A Structural and Mechanical Characterization of Iliac Crest and Cervical Spine Autograft for ACDF Surgeries [Master's thesis]. University of Victoria; June 20, 2024.
2009	García-Rodríguez S. Mechanical Behavior of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2009.
2016	Johnson MG. Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-1 Dependent Endothelin 1 Signaling in Osteogenesis [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2016.
2016	Meyer LA. Testing and Modeling Mechanical Properties of Ex Vivo Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2016.
2018	Fang Y. Investigation of Bone Loading in FES-Assisted Rowing and Its Effect on Preventing Bone Loss in People With Spinal Cord Injury [PhD thesis]. Worcester, MA: Worcester Polytechnic Institute; August 2018.
2023	Young B. Lowering Bone Stress Injury Risk by Understanding Loading Angle, Bone Strength, and Training Load [Master's thesis]. Worcester, MA: Worcester Polytechnic Institute; December 2023.
2020	Hamandi FMRA. Hierarchical Structure, Properties and Bone Mechanics At Macro, Micro, and Nano Levels [PhD thesis]. Dayton, OH: Wright State University; 2020.