Repeated impacts during landings of even low magnitudes have been linked to micro traumatic overuse injuries, including articular cartilage degeneration, due to the high rate of application of impact forces. The purpose of this study was to investigate how individuals naturally utilize knee flexion to modulate impact forces and ankle joint moments when landing from different heights. Ten male participants performed drop landings from two heights and used three levels of knee flexion (natural, low and high knee flexion). Knee flexion, ground reaction forces, ankle joint moments and vertical force loading rates were determined for each landing. The results showed that for both heights, as knee flexion increased, maximum vertical ground reaction forces and ankle joint moments decreased. Natural knee flexion vertical ground reaction force and ankle joint moment values were intermediate to the low and high knee flexion levels. However, the vertical force loading rate values were not different between knee flexion conditions, suggesting that increased knee flexion during landing may not necessarily reduce the risk of injury.
Keywords:
Biomechanics; Impact Landing; Ankle Joint Force; Kinematics; Knee Flexion