College athletes are often exposed to many training sessions, stresses, and injuries throughout their collegiate career. They often experience pain, stiffness, swelling, reduced range of motion and many other feelings following participation. Much research has focused on the acute effects of collegiate athletics, but the long term effect has not been well studied. Sports may be divided into groups based on the nature of play; the three main groups are non-contact, contact, and collision sports. Little research was found that examines differences between the three sport groups and their ability to complete activities of daily living such as walking following at least four years of college athletic participation. Purpose: To investigate differences in gait initiation and normal gait between non-contact, contact, and collision athletes after at least four years of college athletic participation. Methods: Eighteen participants completed 10 trials of walking down a pressurized instrumented walkway, at a self-selected pace prior to starting athletic participation in year 1 and following the last competition in year 4. The 10 trials were averaged and nonparametric tests were run to examine between group and within group differences. Results: Significant results within groups for gait initiation were found for the contact S2 M/L displacement (p=0.028); the non-contact S3 M/L displacement (p=0.028); contact S3 A/P velocity (p=0.046); non-contact S3 M/L velocity (p=0.028); and non-contact heel-to-heel base of support (p=0.028) after four years of collegiate athletics. Additionally, there were between group significance for baseline S2 M/L displacement (p=0.011); as well as post S3 M/L velocity (p=0.032) indicating a significant difference. No significant differences were found for variables within the S1 phase of gait initiation as well as the additional gait variables. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that after four years of college athletic participation there was no significant change between baseline and post data for variables that would indicate instability. This suggests that after four years of participation that the injuries, training, and stresses occurring to the athletes is not having a significant effect on gait initiation or gait.
Keywords:
Gait initiation; Gait