Automating the cell surgery processes is a potential solution to eliminate human involvement and promote the development of cell surgery. Here, we propose a real-time 3D visual servocontrol system for single cell surgery with the experimental results of single cell microinjection of an embryo and analysis of experimental data. Real time 3D image processes are a necessary requirement, since during cell surgery, when a micropipette contacts the embryo, the embryo is deformed, repositioning the internal components of the cell to be injected. An innovative 3D edge extraction algorithm is demonstrated for the real time 3Ds image processes. Visual servocontrol of the cell surgery process acquires the real-time target cell blastomere 3-dimensional position which is used to maneuver the micropipette under real-time closed-loop feedback control. The automated embryo microinjection process is conducted using the proposed real-time 3D visual servocontrol system, which is proven to be a potential solution for microinjection automation.