Microscale frictional response of bovine articular cartilage from atomic force microscopy

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Park, Seonghun¹; Costa, Kevin D.¹; Ateshian, Gerard A.¹

Microscale frictional response of bovine articular cartilage from atomic force microscopy

J Biomech. November 2004;37(11):1679-1687

©2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Affiliations

¹Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th St, MC4703, 220 S.W. Mudd, New York, NY 10027, USA
Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare micro- and macroscale friction coefficients of bovine articular cartilage. Microscale measurements were performed using standard atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques, using a 5 μm spherical probe tip. Twenty-four cylindrical osteochondral plugs were harvested in pairs from adjacent positions in six fresh bovine humeral heads (4–6 months old), and divided into two groups for AFM and macroscopic friction measurements. AFM measurements of friction were observed to be time-independent, whereas macroscale measurements demonstrated the well-documented time-dependent increase from a minimum to an equilibrium value. The microscale AFM friction coefficient (μ_AFM, 0.152±0.079) and macroscale equilibrium friction coefficient (μ_eq, 0.138±0.036) exhibited no statistical differences (p=0.50), while the macroscale minimum friction coefficient (μ_min, 0.004±0.001) was significantly smaller than μ_eq and μ_AFM (p<0.0001). Variations in articular surface roughness (R_q=462±216 nm) did not correlate significantly with μ_AFM, μ_eq or μ_min. The effective compressive modulus determined from AFM indentation tests using a Hertz contact analysis was E*=45.8±18.8 kPa. The main finding of this study is that μ_AFM is more representative of the macroscale equilibrium friction coefficient, which represents the frictional response in the absence of cartilage interstitial fluid pressurization. These results suggest that AFM measurements may be highly suited for exploring the role of boundary lubricants in diarthrodial joint lubrication independently of the confounding effect of fluid pressurization to provide greater insight into articular cartilage lubrication.
Links

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.02.017

PubMed: 15388310

WoS: 000224599000006
History

Accepted: 2004-02-11

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2006	Basalo Perez-Luna IM. Effects of Enzymatic Degradation and Supplementation of Chrondroitin Sulfate on the Frictional Properties of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2006.
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2005	Klein TJ. Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Biophysical Modulation of Functional Depth-Dependent Properties [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2005.
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