The objective of this study is to evaluate different rib bone surrogates by comparing them to specific, male PMHS data from Charpail et al. (2005), Kindig (2009), Agnew et al. (2018) and Kang et al. (2020). The Fraunhofer EMI 5th male rib surrogates were fabricated from Scalmalloy® (AlMg4.5Sc0.7Zr0.3) using additive manufacturing. The CTS PRIMUS breakable dummy from Crashtest-Service-Dummy-Solution GmbH is already being used as an anthropomorphic test device (ATD) in various areas. Its cast 5th left rib, constructed from a mixture of epoxy resin and aluminium powder, was also included in this study. A test setting based on the setup of Charpail et al. (2005) was developed. The specimens were dynamically (500 mm/s) loaded to failure in a bending scenario imitating a frontal thoracic impact. During the tests, not only force and displacement were measured, but also the strain distribution using 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) and compared to PMHS data of the previously mentioned studies. Both rib surrogates show strong deviations from the PMHS characteristic values. Nevertheless, there are also common characteristics in key variables to certain age groups of the PMHS data. The differences shown are an important contribution to the further development and improvement of both surrogates.
Keywords:
Additive manufacturing; Cast materials; Digital image correlation; PMHS data; Rib bone surrogates