The aim of this thesis was to develop and utilize novel approaches for biofabrication of cartilage tissue. Until now, tissue engineering could not provide a potent and effective strategy to create de novo cartilage tissue for regenerative medicine. The presented work is targeted towards advancing the methods of biofabrication, in an attempt to ultimately let this vision become true. On the search for a successful solution for cartilage tissue engineering, diverse approaches were pursued. A clinically translatable bioink, formulated from a range of minimally modified natural polymers, was developed and used for extrusion 3D bioprinting. Bioprinted constructs were characterized regarding their chondrogenic maturation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, methods were devised to evaluate the clinical relevance of this bioink as well as bioprinted constructs in general. In a second study, a new and facile fabrication method using elongated, micron sized hydrogels was developed. Bulk hydrogels were mechanically deconstructed into a new microgel material named “entangled microstrands”. This simple but powerful strategy is applicable to a wide range of hydrogels. The resulting, microporous material excels as bioink and can be 3D bioprinted into biological relevant shapes. Biocompatibility is outstanding and microstrands can be flow-aligned to direct orientation and development of embedded cells. In a third study, a novel biofabrication method for weakly crosslinked gels, non-annealed microgels and fluid materials was devised. By utilizing a sacrificial hydrogel mold and semi-permeable hydrogel shell, it was possible to confine cell-laden infill materials within a custom shape. Highly viscous polymer solutions and commercially available tissue fillers were, for the first time, successfully cultured in vitro and screened for their chondrogenic potential. In conclusion, advanced biofabrication strategies were conceptualized and implemented. These methods have relevance for an extensive range of materials and are sophisticated, but not unnecessary complicated. This has far-reaching significance, as entangled microstrands and semi-permeable hydrogel shells can be deployed as a platform to tackle the problems and challenges in today’s tissue engineering. Their accessibility will give the biofabrication community tools to employ and utilize traditional, as well as novel materials in an exciting, new setup.