To address acceleration injuries occurring in military environments, a unique series of non‐ human primate (NHP) experiments was conducted by the US DoD at the Naval Biodynamics Laboratory (NBDL). This analysis focused on corresponding injuries and injury risk curves for +Gz/vertical impact acceleration experiments. Data from 27 rhesus macaque whole‐body axial acceleration tests were examined. Injury outcomes were determined using pre‐ and post‐test data from subject records. Injury data were categorized according to affected region:​ thoracic, cervical, or cardiovascular. Each exposure was assessed as (1) non‐injurious or (2) injurious, and peak sled accelerations were used to derive injury risk curves. Of the 27 accelerations, 11 were non‐injurious and 16 were injurious. Aorta injuries and spine fractures were among the principal outcomes. Accelerations of 42 g and 55 g were associated with 25% and 50% probabilities, and the normalized confidence interval sizes (NCIS) were 0.40 and 0.84, respectively. Examinations of the kinematics in conjunction with the injuries revealed the mechanism of spinal injury to be flexion posture combined with the restraint loading the torso during vertical acceleration. These injuries parallel those encountered in automotive and military environments, offering insight into scaling NHP acceleration thresholds to human tolerances in future work.