The effects of road contact angles and pitch/yaw angles on the injuries of drivers in CRIS test

Han, Byoungkee; Oh, Youkeun; Lee, Eundok; Lee, Jaewan; Kim, Gyuhyun

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hongik University, Republic of Korea

²Korea Automobile Testing & Research Institute, Republic of Korea

Abstract

This paper shows the effect of the roof contact angle with ground and pitch/yaw angle on head and neck injuries in CRIS tests. In this study the effect of these conditions on injury in a rollover is simulated and analyzed by using a commercial multi-body software (ADAMS). The vehicle model consists of a rigid lower body and deformable upper body. Each member of the upper body is characterized to get the similar behavior to the results obtained from an equivalent finite element model. To evaluate the severity of driver’s injuries in a CRIS test, a computer simulation to replicate the dynamic CRIS test is developed. The angular velocity of vehicle is set to a constant value of 270 degree/sec and the lateral velocity is varied to be 28.8kph or 35kph so that it can roll 2 or 3 turns. The roof contact angle with ground is selected to be 135, 145 and 155 degrees. The pitch and yaw angles of the vehicle is also varied to be 2 or 5 degrees and 0, 10, or 20 degrees, respectively. In addition to the peak acceleration of the dummy head, the maximum shear force, compressive force, and bending moment acting on the dummy neck are calculated to evaluate the rollover safety for various conditions. The simulation results are then compared to the KNCAP evaluation criteria. Considering the fact that the rollover accidents with less than 2 full turns account for about 90% of the entire rollover accidents, this study suggests that the 2-turn condition would be appropriate for a protocol of the dynamic rollover test.

Links

URL: http://www-esv.nhtsa.dot.gov/Proceedings/24/files/24ESV-000350.PDF

Cited Works (7)

Year	Entry
2009	Friedman D, Grzebieta R. A proposed rollover and comprehensive rating system. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
1973	Huelke DF, Marsh JC IV, Sherman HW, DiMento L, Ballard WJ Jr. Injury causation in rollover accidents. In: 17th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). November 14-17, 1973; Oklahoma City, OK.87-115.
2003	Moffatt EA, Cooper ER, Croteau JJ, Orlowski KF, Marth DR, Carter JW. Matched-pair rollover impacts of rollcaged and production roof cars using the controlled rollover impact system (CRIS). In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. March 3-6, 2003; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2003-01-0172.
2007	Grzebieta R, Young D, Bambach M, McIntosh A. Rollover crashes: diving versus roof crush. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
2003	Digges KH, Eigen AM. Crash attributes that influence the severity of rollover crashes. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2005	Linstromberg M, Scholpp G, Scherf O. Test and simulation tools in a rollover protection development process. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.
2013	Han B, Lee E, Shim J, Jung J. Evaluation of the dynamic rollover characteristics of trip-over vehicles through multi-body dynamics simulation. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.