The state of the art of head injury biomechanics:​ a review

Gennarelli, Thomas A.

Affiliations

¹Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania

Cited Works (7)

Year	Entry
1974	Ommaya AK, Gennarelli TA. Cerebral concussion and traumatic unconsciousness: correlation of experimental and clinical observations of blunt head injuries. Brain. December 1974;97(4):633-654.
1982	Adams JH, Graham DI, Murray LS, Scott G. Diffuse axonal injury due to nonmissile head injury in humans: an analysis of 45 cases. Ann Neurol. December 1982;12(6):557-563.
1970	Gurdjian ES, Lange WA, Patrick LM, Thomas LM, eds. Impact Injury and Crash Protection. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1970.
1982	Gennarelli TA, Thibault LE. Biomechanics of acute subdural hematoma. J Trauma. 1982;22(8):680-686.
1941	Denny-Brown D, Russell WR. Experimental cerebral concussion. Brain. September 1941;64(2-3):93-164.
1982	Gennarelli TA, Thibault LE, Adams JH, Graham DI, Thompson CJ, Marcincin RP. Diffuse axonal injury and traumatic coma in the primate. Ann Neurol. 1982;12(6):564-574.
1982	Gennarelli TA, Spielman GM, Langfitt TW, Gildenberg PL, Harrington T, Jane JA, Marshall LF, Miller JD, Pitts LH. Influence of the type of intracranial lesion on outcome from severe head injury: a multicenter study using a new classification system. J Neurosurg. January 1982;56(1):26-32.

Cited By (12)

Year	Entry
1992	Hurt HH Jr, Thom DR. Motorcyclist head injury mechanisms: with and without helmets. In: 36th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 1992; Portland, OR.235-250.
1994	Krabbel G, Nitsche S, Appel H. Development of an anatomic 3-D-finite element model of the human head utilizing CT-data. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.153-158.
2007	Baumgartner D, Marjoux D, Willinger R, Carter E, Neal-Sturgess C, Guerra L, Martinez L, Hardy R. Pedestrian safety enhancement using numerical methods. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
1987	Nilsson S, Planath I. Facial injury occurrence in traffic accidents and lts detection by a load sensing face. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 12-15, 1987; Washington, DC.613-620.
1987	Yates DW, Hadfield JM, Little RA. The relevance of the biomechanics of impact to the assessment of head injured patients in the accident & emergency department. In: Proceedings of the 1987 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1987; Birmingham, UK.217-212.
1994	Auer C, Beier G, Schuller E. Intracranial injuries of fatally injured pedestrians: a contribution to the establishment of tolerance limits. In: Proceedings of the 1994 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 21-23, 1994; Lyon, France.247-257.
1999	Canaple B, Cesari D, Drazetic P. Identification of head injury mechanisms associated with reconstruction of traffic accidents. In: Proceedings of the 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 23-24, 1999; Sitges, Spain.37-51.
2006	Fredriksson R, Boström O, Zhang L, Yang K. Influence of pop-up hood systems on brain injuries for vulnerable road users. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2006; Madrid, Spain.253-264.
2007	Fredriksson R, Zhang L, Boström O, Yang K. Influence of impact speed on head and brain injury outcome in vulnerable road user impacts to the car hood. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:155-167. SAE 2007-22-0007.
2008	Yoganandan N, Li J, Zhang J, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA. Influence of angular acceleration–deceleration pulse shapes on regional brain strains. J Biomech. July 19, 2008;41(10):2253-2262.
2002	Ivarsson J. Physical Modeling of Brain and Head Kinematics [PhD thesis]. Göteburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2002.
1997	Smith TA. The Effect of Helmet Liner Density Upon Acceleration and Local Contact Forces During Bicycle Helmet Impacts [PhD thesis]. Los Angeles, CA: University of Southern California; December 1997.