Upper cervical spine kinematic response and injury prediction

wbldb

Cronin, Duane S.¹; Fice, Jason B.¹; DeWit, Jennifer A.¹; Moulton, Jeff¹

Upper cervical spine kinematic response and injury prediction

Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹University of Waterloo, Canada
Abstract and keywords

The upper cervical spine comprising the base of the skull, first cervical vertebra (C1) and second cervical vertebra (C2) is one of the most complex joints in the human spine. In low severity automotive crash scenarios, ligament distraction has been implicated as a source of whiplash pain, while at higher impact severities vertebral fracture and distraction can lead to serious or fatal injuries. The objective of this study was to investigate kinematic response and predicted injury of the upper cervical spine using a 50th percentile male numerical model including detailed representations of the ligaments, vertebral bodies and joints. The model was evaluated in four modes of loading. In general, the model was able to predict failure loads and distractions for flexion, extension, tension and axial rotation in good agreement with the available experimental data. The failure load in tension was higher than the experimental average likely due to the younger ligament properties used, which were stiffer and stronger than properties from an older population.

Keywords: Upper cervical spine, injury, finite element model
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/downloads/irc12/pdf_files/30.pdf

Cited Works (12)

Year	Entry
1990	Goel VK, Winterbottom JM, Schulte KR, Chang H, Gilbertson LG, Pudgil AG, Gwon JK. Ligamentous laxity across c0–c1–c2 complex: axial torque-rotation characteristics until failure. Spine. October 1990;15(10):990-996.
2002	Cusick JF, Yoganandan N. Biomechanics of the cervical spine, IV: major injuries. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). January 2002;17(1):1-20.
1966	McElhaney JH. Dynamic response of bone and muscle tissue. J Appl Physiol. 1966;21(4):1231-1236.
2011	Panzer MB, Fice JB, Cronin DS. Cervical spine response in frontal crash. Med Eng Phys. November 2011;33(9):1147-1159.
2011	Gayzik FS, Moreno DP, Geer CP, Wuertzer SD, Martin RS, Stitzel JD. Development of a full body CAD dataset for computational modeling: a multi-modality approach. Ann Biomed Eng. October 2011;39(10):2568-2583.
2011	Fice JB, Moulton JA, Cronin DS. Development of a detailed finite element neck model for automotive safety research. In: Proceedings of the 39th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2011.
2012	DeWit JA, Cronin DS. Cervical spine segment finite element model for traumatic injury prediction. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. June 2012;10:138-150.
2007	Nightingale RW, Chancey VC, Ottaviano D, Luck JF, Tran L, Prange M, Myers BS. Flexion and extension structural properties and strengths for male cervical spine segments. J Biomech. 2007;40(3):535-542.
1976	Lindahl O. Mechanical properties of dried defatted spongy bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1976;47(1):11-19.
2001	Keaveny TM, Morgan EF, Niebur GL, Yeh OC. Biomechanics of trabecular bone. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2001;3:307-333.
2012	Fice JB, Cronin DS. Investigation of whiplash injuries in the upper cervical spine using a detailed neck model. J Biomech. April 5, 2012;45(6):1098-1102.
2009	Dibb AT, Nightingale RW, Luck JF, Chancey VC, Fronheiser LE, Myers BS. Tension and combined tension-extension structural response and tolerance properties of the human male ligamentous cervical spine. J Biomech Eng. August 2009;131(8):081008.

Cited By (6)

Year	Entry
2015	Brolin K, Östh J, Svensson M, Sato F, Ono K, Linder A, Kullgren A. Aiming for an average female virtual human body model for seat performance assessment in rear-end impacts. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 8-11, 2015; Gothenburg, Sweden.
2015	Cronin DS. Investigation of lung response resulting from behind armour blunt trauma impact scenarios. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.722-723.
2016	Feist F, Klug C. A numerical study on the influence of the upper body and neck on head kinematics in tangential bicycle helmet impact. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.162-184.
2017	Hasija V, Takhounts E, Lee E, Craig M. On the importance of the forces and moments at the occipital condyles in predicting ligamentous cervical spine injuries. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.600-612.
2017	Östh J, Mendoza‐Vazquez M, Linder A, Svensson MY, Brolin K. The VIVA OpenHBM finite element 50th percentile female occupant model: whole body model development and kinematic validation. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.443-466.
2017	Davis ML. Development and Full Body Validation of a 5th Percentile Female Finite Element Model [PhD thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; January 2017.