Temporal changes in cancellous bone structure of rats immediately after ovariectomy

Dempster, D. W.; Birchman, R.; Xu, R.; Lindsay, R.; Shen, V.

Affiliations

¹Regional Bone Center, Helen Hayes Hospital, West Haverstraw, NY, USA

²Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

³Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

Abstract and keywords

To understand the structural changes accompanying estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss, we examined the temporal changes in cancellous bone structure in an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Matured rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy, and groups of eight animals were sacrificed at 5-day intervals. Histomorphometric and trabecular strut analyses of the excised proximal tibia, and bone mineral density measurement of the distal femur, were used to investigate cancellous bone loss as a result of estrogen deficiency. There was an immediate increase in bone turnover after ovariectomy, as evidenced by rapid increases in osteoclast surface (400%) and bone formation rate (270%). The resultant time-dependent decrease in cancellous bone volume was highly related to a decrease in trabecular plate number and connectivity parameters, but was not related to the thickness of the remaining cancellous plates. Our results suggest that cancellous bone loss due to estrogen deficiency is the result of decreased connectivity, likely due to osteoclast perforation of trabecular plates, followed by complete removal of the plate without prior generalized thinning.

Keywords: Ovariectomy; Histomorphometry; Osteopenia; Cancellous bone; Strut analysis

Links

DOI: 10.1016/8756-3282(95)80027-N

PubMed: 7742075

WoS: A1995RB63100024

History

Received: 194-06-29

Revised: 1994-07-25

Accepted: 1994-09-16

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2004	Goss PE, Qia S, Josse RG, Pritzker KP., Mendes M, Hu H, Waldman SD, Grynpas MD. The steroidal aromatase inhibitor exemestane prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Bone. March 2004;34(3):384-392.
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2004	Riggs BL, Melton LJ III, Robb RA, Camp JJ, Atkinson EJ, Peterson JM, Rouleau PA, McCollough CH, Bouxsein ML, Khosla S. Population-based study of age and sex differences in bone volumetricdensity, size, geometry, and structure at different skeletal sites. J Bone Miner Res. December 2004;19(12):1945-1954.
2001	Laib A, Kumer JL, Majumdar S, Lane NE. The temporal changes of trabecular architecture in ovariectomized rats assessed by MicroCT. Osteoporos Int. November 2001;12(11):936-941.
2020	O’Sullivan LM, Allison H, Parle EE, Schiavi J, McNamara LM. Secondary alterations in bone mineralisation and trabecular thickening occur after long-term estrogen deficiency in ovariectomised rat tibiae, which do not coincide with initial rapid bone loss. Osteoporos Int. March 2020;31(3):587-599.
1997	Westerlind KC, Wronski TJ, Ritman EL, Luo Z-P, An K-N, Bell NH, Turner RT. Estrogen regulates the rate of bone turnover but bone balance in ovariectomized rats is modulated by prevailing mechanical strain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. April 15, 1997;94(8):4199-4204.
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