Cell-generated mechanical forces are well recognized to be critical drivers of cell and tissue function. These range from cell-scale behaviours of adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, to tissue-level processes including morphogenetic remodelling and disease progression. Despite their established significance, measuring cell-generated forces within three-dimensional tissues remains challenging, particularly in the soft and mechanically dynamic environments that comprise most tissues of the body. Understanding how cell-generated forces arise and evolve in these complex microenvironments will help drive novel tissue engineering strategies, develop targeted therapeutics, and better our understanding of fundamental biological processes. This thesis describes the development of microspherical stress gauges (MSGs) capable of reporting absolute, multi-directional stresses within three-dimensional tissues. Fabricated from an ultrasoft, linear elastic, and compressible hydrogel formulation, these cell-sized sensors visibly deform under Pascale-scale stresses, enabling non-invasive, real-time monitoring of internal stresses within soft tissues. As a first application, MSGs were used to monitor the stresses that evolve within compacting multicellular spheroid (MCS) cultures. Spontaneous patterns of internal stresses were observed to arise during the spheroid formation process, which were driven by spatial differences in cell contractility, and ultimately determined the internal spheroid architecture. This was supported by biomarker analysis and finite element modelling. MSGs were then used to monitor the stresses that arise within MCS formed from two breast cancer cell-lines, each exhibiting distinct invasive properties. Spheroid stresses were heavily cell-type dependent and changes in cell-generated stresses precede visible global changes in spheroid morphology. Finally, MSGs were used to measure the stresses that develop within contracting collagen hydrogels of tunable stiffness. Internal stresses were largely heterogeneous and correlated with tissue density after contraction, independent of bulk matrix stiffness. These studies illustrate the applicability of MSGs as a robust tool to measure cell-scale stresses within dynamically evolving tissue cultures