Accumulating evidence illustrates the importance of biophysical cues such as mechanical properties and stresses in embryonic development of organs, as well as disease progression. Researchers in the tissue engineering field are increasingly calling for the incorporation of these cues into strategies for biophysical guidance of engineered tissue development, both for generating improved experimental models as well as generating tissue for regenerative medicine purposes. However, studies of the influence of such biophysical cues on brain organoids are limited. Brain organoids are self-organizing, 3D tissue-engineered models of the human brain that are grown from stem cells and mimic certain aspects of embryonic brain development. These important models are the current state-of-the-art in neuroscience, enabling studies in human models that are impossible with other systems. This thesis explores the effects of several biophysical cues on brain organoid growth and development, namely matrix stiffness and geometry, overall and at the organoid periphery. First, the material properties of the hydrogel used to encapsulate brain organoids were modified to change the physical nature of the organoid microenvironment. Stiffer hydrogels yielded smaller midbrain organoids with increased neuronal maturation, and altered internal microarchitectures; specifically, characteristic developmental structures known as neural rosettes were smaller and fewer. Next, to manipulate overall geometry of pre-formed organoids, a compressive hydrogel molding platform was developed. Using this platform, breast cancer spheroids were molded into simple shapes, and brain organoids were molded into rings, by shaping the organoid around a post to fuse with itself. Tissue markers suggested these ring-shaped organoids differentiated as expected within these devices, indicating the platform could be used to mold tissue building blocks into a variety of shapes. Lastly, a system was engineered to create assembloids from brain organoids with passively shaped peripheries, and investigate the influence of the peripheral geometry. The results suggested that axonal projections from midbrain organoids exhibited target-seeking behaviour, and that geometry influences cell migration out of cerebral organoids. The platform could be used to observe such cellular behaviours in culture models of neural circuit formation. Overall, these new tools and insights could lead to integration of biophysical cues into brain organoid strategies, which may improve them as experimental models, and yield further knowledge into developmental processes.