The sequence of events involved in maintenance of homeostasis must encompass mechanisms within single cells as well as interactions between cells within a population. To investigate the interaction among these inter- and intracellular mechanisms, disruption of homeostasis by serum deprivation was performed in WB-F344, a normal diploid epithelial cell line. Changes in cell–cell communication (gap junction function) at the population level and in individual cells were monitored using the scrape load/dye transfer and fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching assays. Apoptosis and mitosis were measured using internucleosomal DNA ladder assays and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The results indicate that a common element in early apoptosis and early mitosis is sustained gap junction function. As cell life (mitosis) and cell death (apoptosis) progressed, a common process of change in gap junction function occurred. A transient stimulation of mitosis concomitant with increased apoptosis was also observed during serum deprivation. Gap junctions may play a regulatory role during initiation of these opposite yet equally important mechanisms of maintaining homeostasis. This model system is useful for further studies on the relationships among inter- and intracellular mechanisms of homeostasis.