As the threat of Climate Change persists, research has prioritized the transition from fossil fuels to clean and sustainable energy sources. Hydrogen-powered fuel cells are a promising technology possessing high electrical efficiencies, high power densities, low emissions, noise-free operation, quick start-up, and low working temperatures, making them ideal candidates in automobiles. Commercialization is gradual as improvements in materials, durability, water and thermal management, and affordability are still under investigation. In this thesis, conductive polymer composites are explored in two avenues. They are first combined with thermoelectric materials to produce next-generation bipolar plates addressing material performance, thermal management and waste heat recovery. The composites are characterized in terms of their material and thermoelectric properties, and fuel cell performance. Conductive polymer composites are then investigated as effective foam moisture sensing technologies which may also be integrated in fuel cell to address water management concerns. The material properties and moisture responses are successfully studied. Both studies aim to improve the overall performance and energy efficiency of fuel cells through the incorporation of polymer composites.