The goal of this thesis was to develop novel biomaterial scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Fibrin was chosen as the scaffold material due to its suitability for culturing stem cells and for its ability to be covalently modified with an affinity based delivery system. Embryonic stem cell derived neural progenitor cells were cultured inside of fibrin scaffolds and treated with different doses of 5 growth factors (neurotrophin-3, basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet derived growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and sonic hedgehog) present in the media to determine their effect on differentiation. It was determined that neurotrophin3, platelet derived growth factor, and sonic hedgehog were the most effective at generating neurons and oligodendrocytes from these neural progenitors when cultured in fibrin scaffolds. Based on these results, these growth factors were then tested with an affinity based drug delivery system. Once the appropriate delivery system conditions were determined for retaining the maximum amount of growth factor inside of the scaffolds, dose response studies were performed to determine the growth factor concentrations that needed to be polymerized into the fibrin scaffolds to achieve maximal differentiation into neurons and oligodendrocytes. These growth factors were also tested in combination widi neurotrophin-3 and platelet derived growth factor promoting increased differentiation into neurons and oligodendrocytes compared to the other combinations tested. To give insight into the intracellular processes leading to neuronal differentiation, a kinetic analysis was developed to analyze the effect of neurotrophin-3 on embryonic stem cell derived progenitor cells. This analysis was used to predict the minimum neurotrophin-3 concentration necessary to achieve neuronal differentiation, and these results were confirmed experimentally. Overall, this thesis has developed an engineered tissue consisting of a fibrin biomaterial scaffold, neural progenitor cells, an affinity based delivery system, and growth factors ready for testing in an in vivo model of spinal cord injury.