Risk of fractures in thyroid cancer patients with postoperative hypoparathyroidism:​ a nationwide cohort study in Korea

Ahn, Seong Hee<sup>1</sup>; Lee, You Jin<sup>2</sup>; Hong, Seongbin<sup>1</sup>; Park, Jung Wee<sup>3</sup>; Jeon, Ye Jhin<sup>4</sup>; Yoo, Bit-Na<sup>5</sup>; Ha, Yong-Chan<sup>6</sup>; Bak, Jean Kyung<sup>5</sup>; Kim, Ha Young<sup>7</sup>; Lee, Young-Kyun<sup>3</sup>

Affiliations

¹Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea

²Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea

³Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea

⁴Department of Statistics, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

⁵National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaboration Agency (NECA), Seoul, South Korea

⁶Department of Orthopedic Surgery, BUMIN Hospital, Seoul, South Korea

⁷Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea

Abstract and keywords

Postoperative hypoparathyroidism (PO-hypoPT) is an uncommon complication of total thyroidectomy in thyroid cancer patients. Although long-term hypoPT causes characteristic changes in bone metabolism, the risk of fractures in hypoPT remains inconclusive. We investigated the risk of fractures in Korean thyroid cancer patients with PO-hypoPT. This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry and Korean National Health Insurance Service. We analyzed 115,821 thyroid cancer patients aged ≥18 years, who underwent total thyroidectomy between 2008 and 2016. The risk of any fractures, including vertebral, hip, humerus, and wrist fractures, according to parathyroid function after total thyroidectomy, was analyzed using the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. The PO-hypoPT and preserved parathyroid function groups included 8789 (7.6%) and 107,032 (92.4%) patients, respectively. Over a mean follow-up duration of 4.8 years, 159 (1.8%) and 2390 (2.2%) fractures occurred in the PO-hypoPT and preserved parathyroid function groups, respectively. The risk of any fractures was significantly lower in the PO-hypoPT group than in the preserved parathyroid function group (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.98; p = 0.037) after adjusting for confounders. Regarding the fracture site, only the risk of vertebral fractures was significantly lower in the PO-hypoPT group compared with the preserved parathyroid function group (HR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.47–0.96; p = 0.028) after adjusting for confounders. Subgroup analyses showed that bone mineral density measurements and calcium supplementation interacted with the relationship between PO-hypoPT and the risk of any fractures (p for interactions = 0.010 and 0.017, respectively). PO-hypoPT was associated with a lower risk of fractures in thyroid cancer patients, especially at the vertebra. The relatively low bone turnover caused by PO-hypoPT and appropriate management for PO-hypoPT with active vitamin D and calcium may prevent the deterioration of skeletal health in thyroid cancer patients who can easily be exposed to long-term overtreatment with levothyroxine.

Keywords: FRACTURE; HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; THYROID CANCER; TOTAL THYROIDECTOMY

Links

DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4871

PubMed: 37338940

WoS: 001024121500001

History

Received: 2022-09-01

Revised: 2023-06-03

Accepted: 2023-06-16

Cited Works (4)

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