1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
2International Spine Research and Innovation Initiative (ISRII), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
3Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
4Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, Washington State, USA
5Spine Center, Schulthess Klinik, Zurich, Switzerland