Applying deep learning to quantify empty lacunae in histologic sections of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Lui, Elaine; Maruyama, Masahiro; Guzman, Roberto A.; Moeinzadeh, Seyedsina; Pan, Chi-Chun; Pius, Alexa K.; Quig, Madison S. V.; Wong, Laurel E.; Goodman, Stuart B.; Yang, Yunzhi P.

Affiliations

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA

²Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA

³Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA

⁴Department of Human Biology, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, California, USA

⁵Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA

Abstract and keywords

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disease in which inadequate blood supply to the subchondral bone causes the death of cells in the bone marrow. Decalcified histology and assessment of the percentage of empty lacunae are used to quantify the severity of ONFH. However, the current clinical practice of manually counting cells is a tedious and inefficient process. We utilized the power of artificial intelligence by training an established deep convolutional neural network framework, Faster-RCNN, to automatically classify and quantify osteocytes (healthy and pyknotic) and empty lacunae in 135 histology images. The adjusted correlation coefficient between the trained cell classifier and the ground truth was R = 0.98. The methods detailed in this study significantly reduced the manual effort of cell counting in ONFH histological samples and can be translated to other fields of image quantification.

Keywords: deep learning; histology; imaging; neural network; osteonecrosis

Links

DOI: 10.1002/jor.25201

PubMed: 34676596

WoS: 000711601200001

History

Received: 020-08-04

Revised: 2021-08-28

Accepted: 2021-10-18